. 2021 Jan 28;9(2):129. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9020129

Table 5.

Multiple regression analysis results with CES-D as the dependent variable (n = 171).

Variables	Coefficient β	p-Value	95% Cl
Demographic characteristics
Gender (female = 1, male = 0)	0.110	0.190	−0.613	to	3.056
Age	0.041	0.625	−0.050	to	0.083
Household economic situation (1 = Very poor to 5 = Very rich)	−0.189	0.019	−1.446	to	0.129
Care Recipients’ Situation
ADL care provided ^(a)	0.128	0.215	−0.120	to	0.531
IADL care provided ^(b)	−0.181	0.069	−0.684	to	0.026
Cognitive impairment	0.110	0.190	−0.613	to	3.056
Number of secondary caregivers	−0.022	0.795	−0.352	to	0.270
Experience of caregiver giving up leisure activity (Have quit = 1, Never = 0)
In-home activities ^(c)	−0.085	0.326	−2.835	to	0.949
Out-of-home personal activities ^(d)	0.136	0.128	−0.361	to	2.841
Out-of-home group activities ^(e)	0.176	0.042	0.059	to	3.337
Cultural and entertainment out-of-home activities ^(f)	0.047	0.593	−1.135	to	1.977
Experience of caregiver changing work situation (Have quit = 1, Never = 0)
Quitting jobs	0.053	0.524	−1.108	to	2.164
Changing jobs	0.081	0.432	−2.732	to	6.349
Taking care leave (long absence from work)	0.217	0.023	0.940	to	12.66
Changing the employment condition (ex. From full time to part time job)	−0.258	0.023	−9.359	to	0.711
Reducing the amount of work	−0.016	0.858	−2.291	to	1.911
R²	0.450
Total Adjusted R²	0.203

(^a) Activities of daily living, (^b) Instrumental activities of daily living. (^c) In-home activities: reading books, listening to music, drawing, exercises, horticulture, handicrafts. (^d) Out-of- home personal leisure activities: walking, eating out, drinking coffee, and shopping. (^e) Out-of-home group activities: neighborhood associations, hobby associations, and family caregiver associations. (^f) Cultural and entertainment out-of-home activities: sports, travel, watching movies, and watching art.