Table 1.
Comparison of the main variables according to general characteristics (N = 117).
| Characteristics/Categories | Emotional Demands | Social Support from Supervisors | Social Support from Colleagues | Burnout | Stress | Depressive Symptoms | Sleeping Troubles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M ± SD | |||||||
| Overall | 62.0 ± 15.5 | 60.7 ± 16.3 | 66.2 ± 14.2 | 68.3 ± 14.6 | 65.4 ± 15.7 | 51.8 ± 17.7 | 53.5 ± 20.0 |
| Unit type | |||||||
| Medical ward a | 69.4 ± 11.8 | 60.8 ± 18.6 | 63.9 ± 15.2 | 74.5 ± 12.8 | 70.1 ± 12.7 | 59.5 ± 11.9 | 55.3 ± 18.4 |
| Surgical ward b | 65.6 ± 16.6 | 64.2 ± 14.7 | 64.7 ± 15.6 | 69.6 ± 13.7 | 67.1 ± 16.7 | 53.5 ± 20.3 | 57.9 ± 23.8 |
| Intensive care unit c | 54.0 ± 11.4 | 60.8 ± 15.5 | 70.0 ± 12.5 | 60.6 ± 17.0 | 58.8 ± 16.0 | 44.4 ± 18.1 | 47.3 ± 19.5 |
| Emergency room d | 59.5 ± 17.0 | 56.9 ± 15.2 | 65.8 ± 13.2 | 69.2 ± 11.1 | 66.0 ± 15.5 | 50.4 ± 16.2 | 53.8 ± 17.0 |
| F/H/t/U (p) | 16.4 (0.001) † | 3.2 (0.364) † | 4.2 (0.239) † | 12.3 (0.006) † | 10.5 (0.015) † | 10.8 (0.013) † | 6.5 (0.092) † |
| Multiple comparison | a,b > c | a > c | a > c | a > c | |||
| Age (years) | |||||||
| 22–24 a | 59.7 ± 13.0 | 65.6 ± 13.7 | 67.4 ± 12.8 | 71.3 ± 12.1 | 67.8 ± 13.8 | 53.2 ± 16.5 | 51.0 ± 21.2 |
| 25–27 b | 61.3 ± 18.7 | 61.5 ± 16.7 | 68.3 ± 13.6 | 66.4 ± 15.5 | 62.7 ± 19.1 | 49.4 ± 21.2 | 53.6 ± 19.5 |
| ≥28 c | 66.0 ± 13.8 | 52.9 ± 16.5 | 61.7 ± 16.0 | 66.6 ± 16.4 | 65.4 ± 13.3 | 52.7 ± 14.4 | 57.0 ± 19.0 |
| F/H/t/U (p) | 2.9 (0.233) † | 10.6 (0.005) † | 3.4 (0.185) † | 2.7 (0.257) † | 2.2 (0.336) † | 0.6 (0.574) | 0.9 (0.429) |
| Multiple comparison | a > c | ||||||
| Education | |||||||
| Associate’s degree a | 67.6 ± 17.1 | 63.2 ± 15.3 | 61.8 ± 13.8 | 71.7 ± 10.4 | 72.4 ± 12.5 | 58.8 ± 15.8 | 57.4 ± 19.7 |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher b | 61.0 ± 15.1 | 60.3 ± 16.4 | 66.9 ± 14.1 | 67.8 ± 15.2 | 64.2 ± 15.9 | 50.6 ± 17.7 | 52.9 ± 20.1 |
| F/H/t/U (p) | 1196.5 (0.135) †† | 1061.0 (0.653) †† | 762.0 (0.060) †† | 1142.5 (0.279) †† | 1267.0 (0.042) †† | 1.8 (0.074) | 1132.0 (0.319) †† |
| Multiple comparison | a > b | ||||||
| Duration of unit experience (year) | |||||||
| <1 a | 55.7 ± 15.3 | 66.4 ± 15.4 | 67.8 ± 13.3 | 70.9 ± 13.7 | 67.2 ± 14.5 | 53.5 ± 17.6 | 50.8 ± 21.2 |
| 1–2 b | 62.2 ± 13.4 | 62.6 ± 14.6 | 68.6 ± 13.5 | 67.6 ± 13.2 | 64.4 ± 15.7 | 50.4 ± 17.6 | 53.5 ± 18.9 |
| ≥3 c | 67.9 ± 15.9 | 52.7 ± 16.2 | 61.7 ± 15.0 | 66.6 ± 16.9 | 64.7 ± 17.1 | 51.5 ± 18.1 | 56.3 ± 20.3 |
| F/H/t/U (p) | 6.2 (0.003) | 13.8 (0.001) † | 5.0 (0.084) † | 1.1 (0.577) † | 0.6 (0.751) † | 0.3 (0.734) | 2.2 (0.332) † |
| Multiple comparison | a < c | a > b,c | |||||
Note: M = mean, SD = standard deviation, † Kruskal–Wallis test, †† Mann–Whitney Test.