AMPK	adenosine 5′-monophosphate–activated protein kinase
AnA	antimycin A
ATP	adenosine triphosphate
AX	astaxanthin
BCA	bicinchoninic acid
CCCP	cytochrome cyanide m-chlorophenyl
CSA	cross-sectional area
DHE	dihydroethidium
DMEM	Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium
DMSO	dimethyl sulfoxide
EDL	extensor digitorum longus
EDTA	ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
FBS	fetal bovine serum
GA	gastrocnemius
GAPDH	glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
HBSS	Hank’s balanced salt solutions
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HPLC	High-performance liquid chromatography
HS	horse serum
MHC	myosin heavy chain
MMP	mitochondrial membrane potential
MOPS	3-(N-morpholino) propanesulfonic acid
Ndufa	NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex assembly factor
OXPHOS	oxidative phosphorylation
PPAR	peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor
PVDF	polyvinylidene difluoride
ROS	reactive oxygen species
Sdhb	succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B
SDS-PAGE	odium dodecyl sulfate—polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
SO	soleus
TA	tibialis anterior
UCP	uncoupling protein