Table 1.
Biomaterials for scaffold-based 3D cultures 1.
| Biomaterial Type | Biomaterial Name | Scaffold Type |
|---|---|---|
| Synthetic | polystyrene, poly-L-lactic acid [78] | porous solid |
| tyrosine-derived polycarbonate [79] | electrospun fibers | |
| graphene [72] | nanostructured | |
| PDMS-graphene [80] | ||
| CNT-graphene [81] | ||
| PDMS-CNT [73] | ||
| PAA-graphene [82] | ||
| glass [83] | microstructured | |
| PEG [76,84] | hydrogel | |
| Semi-synthetic | transglutaminase cross-linked hyaluronic acid [85,86] | hydrogel |
| methacrylamide-chitosan [87] | ||
| carboxymethyl-chitosan [88] carboxylmethyl-chitosan – alginate – agarose [89] | ||
| methylcellulose–laminin [90] | ||
| (PEG)ylated fibrinogen [91] | ||
| Natural – Vegetal | cellulose paper [92,93] | porous solid |
| alginate [94,95,96,97] | hydrogel | |
| Natural – Animal | chitosan [98] matrigel [99] collagen [100] silk fibroin [101] silk fibroin – collagen [102] silk fibroin – collagen – decellularized porcine brain tissue [103] decellularized human fat tissue [104] |
hydrogel |
1 CNT: carbon nanotubes. PAA: polyacrylamide. PEG: polyethylene glycol. PDMS: poly-dimethylsiloxane.