Table 1.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 GsGd virus incursions into Europe, 2005–2020. P, poultry; W, wild birds. Green, viruses detected in wild birds; orange, viruses detected in poultry; light green, clade 2.2 viruses detected in wild birds and subclade unknown; light orange, clade 2.2 viruses detected in poultry and subclade unknown. References used [24,34,35,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57].

Clade	2.2						2.3.2.1				2.3.4.4
Subclade	2.2.1		2.2.2		2.2		2.3.2.1c		2.3.2.1c		2.3.4.4a		2.3.4.4b		2.3.4.4b		2.3.4.4b		2.3.4.4b
Period	2005–2006		2005–2006		2006–2009		2010		2015		2014–2015		2016–2019		2017–2019		2019–2020		2020–2021 (ongoing)
Subtypes identified	H5N1		H5N1		H5N1		H5N1		H5N1		H5N8		H5N5 H5N6 H5N8		H5N6		H5N8		H5N1 H5N3 H5N4 H5N5 H5N8
Host type	W	P	W	P	W	P	W	P	W	P	W	P	W	P	W	P	W	P	W	P
Country
Albania
Andorra
Armenia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Kosovo
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Moldova
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
North Macedonia
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
UK
Vatican City