Table 1.

Proposed activities and other biological properties of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs).

Activity	Example of RIP	References
Agglutinin	Ricin	[8]
Antiviral	PAP	[10]
rRNA N-glycosylase	Ricin	[11]
Adenine polynucleotide glycosylase	Saporin-L1	[15]
rRNA N-glycosylase/lyase	Gypsophilin/RALyase	[16]
RNase	BBAP1	[17]
DNase	BBAP1	[17]
Phosphatase	Trichosanthin	[18]
Superoxide dismutase	Camphorin	[19]
Phospholipase	Ricin	[20]
Chitinase	TKC 28-I	[21]
DNA nicking	BE27	[22]
Apoptosis induction	Stenodactylin	[4,23]
Necroptosis induction	Stenodactylin	[4,23]
Autophagia induction	Abrus Agglutinin	[24]
Senescence induction	JIP60	[25]
Plant tissue necrosis	JIP60	[26]