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. 2021 Feb 26;22:137. doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07448-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 7 — Schematic representation of the probable basis of polyphyletic origin of the MEP-pathway genes. The three proposed scenarios supporting polyphyletic origin of the MEP-pathway genes are: (I) Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) of the MEP-pathway genes from chlamydial (magenta) to cyanobacteria (cyan) pangenome followed by the cyanobacterial Endosymbiotic Gene Transfer (EGT) to the eukaryotic host; (II) HGT of genes from Chlamydiae-to-ancestral eukaryotes; (III) Co-contribution of cyanobacteria and Chlamydiae to the MEP-pathway genes. In all the probable cases, the events were ensued by the transfer of genetic material from the endosymbiont(s) to the host nuclear genome (white circle). The estimated average of global temperature (Tm) fluctuation and atmospheric oxygen (O₂) are modified based on Harada, et al., 2015, Fiorella and Sheldon 2017, and Zhang et al., 2018. The authors depict the image by themselves