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. 2021 Feb 3;26(4):778. doi: 10.3390/molecules26040778

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Procedural pain was significantly and positively, associated with intra-articular (IA) temperature. In each of 13 individuals with knee OA, different techniques for cooling the left and right knee joints were used, resulting in varying IA temperatures (measured by an IA temperature probe). IA lidocaine, followed by capsaicin (1mg), was administered and procedural pain (on a Numerical Pain Rating Scale, NPRS) and IA temperature were measured at intervals following the injections. The plot of NPRS versus IA temperature demonstrated a positive (r = 0.51) and significant (P = 0.008) correlation. These data support the use of joint cooling as a means to decrease procedural pain associated with IA capsaicin injection. Number of subjects = 13; both knees represented for each subject.