Table 4.
Mean values of 4-HNE.
| Time of Sampling | RA Group (n = 78 Teeth) | p * | non-RA Group (n = 78 Teeth) | p * | p * RA vs. non-RA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C (n = 26) | L (n = 26) | PDT (n = 26) | C(n = 26) | L (n = 26) | PDT (n = 26) | C | L | PDT | |||
| T0 | 33.32 ± 4.05 | 33.20 ± 4.22 | 33.58 ± 3.25 | 0.934 | 32.52 ± 1.57 | 32.27 ± 3.16 | 32.42 ± 2.85 | 0.940 | 0.357 | 0.372 | 0.177 |
| T1 | 14.35 ± 3.19 | 6.48 ± 3.18 | 7.29 ± 3.86 | 0.001 | 28.53 ± 1.28 | 24.89 ± 1.36 | 24.41 ± 2.17 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| P T1 vs. T0 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | - | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | - | - | - | - |
| T2 | 3.18 ± 0.48 | 1.81 ± 0.66 | 1.48 ± 0.57 | 0.001 | 18.49 ± 1.15 | 13.05 ± 2.92 | 12.25 ± 2.08 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| P T2 vs. T0 P T2 vs. T1 |
0.001 0.001 |
0.001 0.001 |
0.001 0.001 |
- | 0.001 0.001 |
0.001 0.001 |
0.001 0.001 |
- | - | - | - |
T0—before periodontal treatment; T1—after 3 therapy sessions; T2—6 months after the end of periodontal therapy. C—control: scaling and root planning (SRP) sites; L—SRP + laser sites; PDT—SRP + photodisinfection sites; RA—rheumatoid arthritis + periodontal disease patients; non-RA—systemically healthy periodontal disease patients; * p FANOVA test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.