Table 2.
Nutrient intake calculated from semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires in three dietary patterns.
| Rice-Based Diet (n = 1542) | Korean-Balanced Diet (n = 1825) | Western-Style Diet (n = 5577) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (EER%) | 104 ± 2.06 b | 116 ± 1.69 a | 106 ± 0.88 b |
| Carbohydrate (energy%) | 67.1 ± 0.73 a | 62.3 ± 0.56 b | 62.3 ± 0.30 b |
| Fat (energy%) | 19.2 ± 0.32 c | 22.1 ± 0.31 b | 23.9 ± 0.16 a |
| Protein (energy%) | 13.7 ± 0.17 b | 15.3 ± 0.16 a | 13.7 ± 0.09 b |
| Total fiber (g/day) | 24.5 ± 0.58 b | 28.7 ± 0.64 a | 23.8 ± 0.27 b |
| Ca (mg/day) | 521 ± 15 b | 592 ± 19 a | 501 ± 6.0 b |
| Na (mg/day) | 4445 ± 195 a | 4165 ± 79.7 b | 3823 ± 55.6 c |
| V-C (mg/day) | 89.4 ± 5.2 b | 120 ± 5.3 a | 88.5 ± 2.4 b |
| V-A (RE/day) | 712 ± 39 b | 856 ± 54 a | 702 ± 20 b |
| Carotene (mg/day) | 3483 ± 171 b | 4071 ± 316 a | 3224 ± 106 b |
| Physical activity (yes N, %) | 631 (47.6) | 975 (58.8) | 2648 (52.5) *** |
| Drinking (yes N, %) | 640(48.3) | 452 (27.3) | 1313 (26.0) *** |
| Smoking (yes N, %) | 358 (27.0) | 1177 (71.0) | 3408 (67.6) *** |
Values represented adjusted means and standard deviations after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking and drinking status, and physical activity. a,b,c Different letters represented significant differences at p < 0.05. *** Significant among the groups at p < 0.001.