Figure 3.

The hydrogel-based electroresponsive microfluidic actuator platform: (a) Illustration of the components of the electroresponsive microfluidic actuator platform. (b) Photo of microfluidic system, scale is 1 cm. (c) Proposed synthesis of peptide-conjugated gold nanorods. SEM images of (d) silver nanowires, (e) collagen I gels, and (f) electrosensitive hydrogels. (g) Elemental analysis of the electrosensitive hydrogel, scale is 1 µm. (h) Fluorescent images of “on/off” electrical stimuli influence on the fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran propagation in the platform, scale is 500 µm. Reproduced from [57], with permission from © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2020.