Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of participants, by recruitment location.
| Characteristic | Total | Las Vegas | Los Angeles | Atlanta |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 1127 | N = 414 | N = 465 | N = 248 | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Age | ||||
| 18 to 30 | 252 (22.4%) | 140 (33.8%) | 49 (10.5%) | 63 (25.4%) |
| 31 to 50 | 590 (52.4%) | 243 (58.7%) | 212 (45.6%) | 135 (54.4%) |
| 51 or older | 285 (25.3%) | 31 (7.5%) | 204 (43.9%) | 50 (20.2%) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic, not multiracial | 226 (20.1%) | 65 (15.7%) | 141 (30.3%) | 20 (8.1%) |
| Non-Hispanic White alone | 478 (42.4%) | 267 (64.5%) | 107 (23.0%) | 104 (41.9%) |
| Non-Hispanic Black alone | 232 (20.6%) | 20 (4.8%) | 112 (24.1%) | 100 (40.3%) |
| Other and/or multiracial | 140 (12.4%) | 51 (12.3%) | 66 (14.2%) | 23 (9.3%) |
| Don’t know, decline to answer, or missing | 51 (4.5%) | 11 (2.7%) | 39 (8.4%) | 1 (0.4%) |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 705 (62.6%) | 252 (60.9%) | 299 (64.3%) | 154 (62.1%) |
| Female | 406 (36.0%) | 162 (39.1%) | 157 (33.8%) | 87 (35.1%) |
| Other | 5 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (2.0%) |
| Decline to answer or missing | 11 (1.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (1.9%) | 2 (0.8%) |
| Sexual Orientation | ||||
| Straight | 853 (75.7%) | 321 (77.5%) | 384 (82.6%) | 148 (59.7%) |
| Gay/Lesbian/Bisexual/Other | 248 (22.0%) | 87 (21.0%) | 65 (14.0%) | 96 (38.7%) |
| Decline to answer or missing | 26 (2.3%) | 6 (1.4%) | 16 (3.4%) | 4 (1.6%) |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school/GED | 244 (21.7%) | 67 (16.2%) | 128 (27.5%) | 49 (19.8%) |
| High school/GED | 404 (35.8%) | 159 (38.4%) | 155 (33.3%) | 90 (36.3%) |
| At least some college/technical | 459 (40.7%) | 185 (44.7%) | 168 (36.1%) | 106 (42.7%) |
| Decline to answer or missing | 20 (1.8%) | 3 (0.7%) | 14 (3.0%) | 3 (1.2%) |
| Household Income | ||||
| $20, 000 or less | 770 (78.5%) | 257 (71.2%) | 356 (86.6%) | 157 (75.1%) |
| Greater than $20, 000 | 211 (21.5%) | 104 (28.8%) | 55 (13.4%) | 52 (24.9%) |
| Primary Income Source | ||||
| Employment (full/part/self) | 342 (30.3%) | 153 (37.0%) | 93 (20.0%) | 96 (38.7%) |
| Public benefits or disability | 423 (37.5%) | 85 (20.5%) | 293 (63.0%) | 45 (18.1%) |
| Other | 223 (19.8%) | 111 (26.8%) | 47 (10.1%) | 65 (26.2%) |
| Decline to answer or missing | 139 (12.3%) | 65 (15.7%) | 32 (6.9%) | 42 (16.9%) |
| Currently Homeless or Housing Insecure | ||||
| Yes | 680 (60.3%) | 199 (48.1%) | 322 (69.2%) | 159 (64.1%) |
| No | 376 (33.4%) | 195 (47.1%) | 119 (25.6%) | 62 (25.0%) |
| Not sure, decline to answer, or missing | 71 (6.3%) | 20 (4.8%) | 24 (5.2%) | 27 (10.9%) |
| Medical Insurance | ||||
| Private insurance | 48 (4.3%) | 21 (5.1%) | 17 (3.7%) | 10 (4.0%) |
| Medicaid/Medicare/Veteran’s/Other, but no private insurance | 716 (63.5%) | 306 (73.9%) | 360 (77.4%) | 50 (20.2%) |
| No insurance | 270 (24.0%) | 61 (14.7%) | 47 (10.1%) | 162 (65.3%) |
| Decline to answer, not sure, inconsistent response, or missing | 93 (8.3%) | 26 (6.3%) | 41 (8.8%) | 26 (10.5%) |
| Ever traded sex for goods, a place to stay, money, or drugs/alcohol | ||||
| Yes | 331 (30.8%) | 128 (31.5%) | 95 (22.1%) | 108 (45.2%) |
| No | 670 (62.3%) | 260 (64.0%) | 294 (68.4%) | 116 (48.5%) |
| Not sure or missing | 74 (6.9%) | 18 (4.4%) | 41 (9.5%) | 15 (6.3%) |
| Intravenous injection drug use in past 6 months | ||||
| Yes | 765 (67.9%) | 331 (80.0%) | 267 (57.4%) | 167 (67.3%) |
| No | 150 (13.3%) | 43 (10.4%) | 75 (16.1%) | 32 (12.9%) |
| Inconsistent response or missing | 212 (18.8%) | 40 (9.7%) | 123 (26.5%) | 49 (19.8%) |
| Total time incarcerated | ||||
| No incarceration history | 164 (14.6%) | 53 (12.8%) | 75 (16.1%) | 36 (14.5%) |
| Incarcerated, <5 years | 613 (54.4%) | 277 (66.9%) | 186 (40.0%) | 150 (60.5%) |
| Incarcerated 5+ years | 231 (20.5%) | 50 (12.1%) | 145 (31.2%) | 36 (14.5%) |
| Missing | 119 (10.6%) | 34 (8.2%) | 59 (12.7%) | 26 (10.5%) |
Bolded titles with gray backgrounds indicate the sociodemographic characteristic subsequently stratified by level. Italicized rows indicate responses considered to be missing in subsequent analyses.