Table 1.
Lipid profile, transaminases and interleukin-6 after 21 weeks of dietary intervention.
| STD | HF | FG | ω-3 | FG&ω-3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma lipid profile | |||||
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 3.6 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 0.5 a | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 2.5 ± 0.4 a | 2.6 ± 0.3 a |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.15 ± 0.12 | 0.94 ± 0.16 a | 0.94 ± 0.07 a | 0.85 ± 0.12 a | 0.93 ± 0.07 a |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 0.43 ± 0.11 | 0.39 ± 0.09 | 0.47 ± 0.11 | 0.32 ± 0.07 c | 0.36 ± 0.03 |
| LDL/HDL ratio | 0.37 ± 0.08 | 0.42 ± 0.06 | 0.50 ± 0.11 a | 0.38 ± 0.07 c | 0.37 ± 0.04 c |
| Liver lipid profile | |||||
| TG (µmol/g tissue) | 17.6 ± 1.0 | 16.6 ± 2.6 | 14.6 ± 1.3 | 14.1 ± 2.3 a | 16.7 ± 2.5 |
| TC (µmol/g tissue) | 5.9 ± 0.7 | 7.8 ± 1.8 a | 7.8 ± 0.8 a | 6.4 ± 1.0 | 7.6 ± 1.0 a |
| Transaminases and IL-6 | |||||
| Plasma AST (U/L) | 70.2 ± 21.9 | 57.1 ± 10.7 | 49.2 ± 8.4 | 53.6 ± 10.1 | 61.0 ± 14.4 |
| Plasma ALT (U/L) | 27.1 ± 8.2 | 19.0 ± 3.9 a | 20.2 ± 4.7 | 22.8 ± 4.2 | 24.0 ± 3.6 b,c |
| Plasma AST/ALT ratio | 2.64 ± 0.52 | 3.14 ± 0.92 | 2.49 ± 0.45 | 2.37 ± 0.29 | 2.53 ± 0.38 |
| Plasma IL-6 (pg/mL) | 522 ± 307 | 283 ± 167 | 452 ± 259 | 349 ± 184 | 154 ± 72 a |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, nine rats per group. Abbreviations: STD, Standard group; HF, High-Fat group; FG, Fagomine group; ω-3, ω-3 PUFA group; FG&ω-3, Fagomine and ω-3 PUFA group; TG, Triacylglycerol; TC, Total Cholesterol; HDL, High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; IL-6, Interleukin-6. p-value was calculated by the one-way analysis of variance or the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Scheffé post-hoc test or Mann–Whitney U test, respectively. a, vs. STD group; b, vs. HF group; c, vs. FG group.