Figure 2.

The dynamic balance of mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial fusion maintains the proper function of complex organelle. Mitochondrial fusion is mainly regulated by mitofusin (Mfn) 1 and 2 and optical atrophy protein 1 (OPA1). Mitochondrial fission is mainly regulated by Drp1, Drp1, and its adapter proteins Fis1, Mff, and MiD49/51 control mitochondrial fission. This process is required by various cell processes, such as redistribution of mitochondria in mitosis and release of cytochrome c during cell apoptosis.