Table 2.
Nutritional intake and growth outcomes
| High volume group (n=40) | Usual volume group (n=46) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Length of study participation in days, median (IQR) | 27 (22 – 31) | 28 (23 – 32) | 0.72 |
| Growth rate in g/kg/day, mean ± SD | |||
| From study entry to study completion | 20.3 ± 5.0 | 18.4 ± 4.0 | 0.05 |
| From birth to 36 weeks PMA | 13.5 ± 3.7 | 11.8 ± 3.1 | 0.03 |
| Postnatal age at assessment in days, mean ± SD | 35 ± 9 | 36 ± 10 | 0.47 |
| Body composition z-scores at 36 weeks PMA, mean ± SD | |||
| Fat mass | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 1.0 | 0.36 |
| Fat-free mass | −1.5 ± 1.1 | −1.2 ± 1.6 | 0.40 |
| % Body fat | 1.7 ± 0.9 | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 0.16 |
| Anthropometrics at 36 weeks PMA*, mean ± SD | |||
| Weight in grams | 2308 ± 325 | 2256 ± 305 | 0.44 |
| Weight z-score | −0.8 ± 0.7 | −0.7 ± 0.8 | 0.42 |
| Length z-score | −0.6 ± 0.7 | −0.8 ± 0.8 | 0.44 |
| Head circumference z score | −0.2 ± 0.7 | −0.2 ± 0.7 | 0.64 |
| Differences between weight z-score at birth and weight z-score at 36 weeks PMA, mean ± SD | −0.8 ± 1.0 | −0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.88 |
| Postnatal growth failure defined as weight at 36 wk postmenstrual age <10th percentile, n (%) | 10 (25) | 10 (22) | 0.72 |
| Any human milk feeding at study completion, n (%) | 24 (60) | 31 (67) | 0.42 |
| Exclusive human milk feeding at study completion, n (%) | 14 (35) | 18 (39) | 0.69 |
| Length of stay after randomization in days, mean ± SD | 39 ± 14 | 40 ± 15 | 0.62 |
*
Z-scores were estimated using the Fenton 2013 growth curves.