Table 1.

Overview of potential predictors for number of future falls and/or near falls

	Description; score range	Dichotomized	References
Cognition (MMSE)	8-item cognitive screening test; score range 0–30 (higher = better)	Not applicable	[20]
Comfortable gait speed m/s (10MWT)	Time (s) to walk 10 m (without acceleration/deceleration distance) in comfortable gait speed	Normal (≥ 1.1 m/s), low (< 1.1 m/s)	[5, 7, 9, 10]
Dyskinesia (item 32, UPDRS)	Proportion of the waking day with dyskinesias; 0 (none)—4 (76–100%)	No dyskinesias (0), dyskinesias (1–4)	[21]
Freezing of gait (item 3, FOGQsa)	Do you feel that your feet get glued to the floor while walking, making a turn or when trying to initiate walking (freezing)?; 0 (never)—4 (always—whenever walking)	No FOG (0), FOG (1–4)	[22]
History of falls	In the last 6 months, have you fallen in such a way that your body hit the ground? 0 (no)—1 (yes)	No history of falls (0), history of falls (1)	[23]
History of near falls	Are you ever close to falling, but you manage to grab on to something/someone at the last minute so that your body does not hit the ground? 0 (no)—1 (yes)	No history of near falls (0), history of near falls (1)	[6, 24]
Pain	Do you presently suffer from pain? 0 (no)—1 (yes)	No pain (0), pain (1)	[6]
Retropulsion (NRT)	Sudden, unexpected backward pull to the shoulders from behind when standing with feet slightly apart and eyes open; 0 (normal, may take 2 steps to recover)—3 (spontaneous tendency to fall or unable to stand unaided, test not executable)	No retropulsion (0), retropulsion (1–3)	[7]
Tandem gait (TG)	10 heal-to-toe steps along a straight line, with eyes open and without walking aids/support (those using walking aids were asked to try to perform TG without support); 0 (no side steps)—3 (unable to take 4 consecutive steps)	Normal TG (0), abnormal TG (1–3)	[7]

FOGQsa freezing of gait questionnaire, MMSE mini-mental state exam, NRT Nutt Retropulsion Test, UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, 10MWT 10-m Walk Test