Table 3.
Association of Frequency of Perceived Exposure to Discrimination with Deprivation-Induced Changes in Tobacco Withdrawal Outcomes
| Tobacco Withdrawal Outcome | Parameter Estimate for Association of Frequency of Perceived Exposure to Discrimination with Respective Outcome | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted Modelsa β (95% CI) |
p-value | Adjusted Modelsb β (95% CI) |
p-value | |
| Urge/Craving | ||||
| WSWS-Craving | .04 (−.002, .01) | .23 | .02 (−.005, .01) | .65 |
| QSU-Appetitive Urge | .04 (−.003, .01) | .22 | .03 (−.005, .01) | .36 |
| QSU-Aversive Urge | .10 (.002, .02)† | .01 | .10 (.002, .02)† | .02 |
| Negative Mood | ||||
| POMS-Negative Mood | .13 (.003, .01)† | .001 | .11 (.001, .01)† | .008 |
| WSWS-Anger | .12 (.005, .02)† | .002 | .09 (.002, .02)† | .02 |
| POMS-Anger | .16 (.004, .01)† | .0001 | .13 (.003, .01)† | .002 |
| WSWS-Anxiety | .12 (.004, .02)† | .001 | .11 (.003, .02)† | .002 |
| POMS-Anxiety | .13 (.003, .01)† | .001 | .11 (.002, .01)† | .006 |
| WSWS-Sadness | .10 (.002, .01)† | .004 | .07 (−.0001, .01) | .06 |
| POMS-Depression | .14 (.003, .01)† | .0002 | .11 (.001, .01)† | .008 |
| Low Positive Mood | ||||
| POMS-Positive Mood | −.06 (−.009, .001) | .11 | −.09 (−.01, −.001) | .03 |
| SHAPS-Anhedonia | .02 (−.002, .004) | .64 | .02 (−.003, .004) | .71 |
| Cognition | ||||
| POMS-Confusion | .15 (.003, .01)† | .0001 | .11 (.001, .01)† | .008 |
| WSWS-Concentration | .09 (.001, .01)† | .01 | .06 (−.001, .01) | .12 |
| CIS-Impulsivity | .10 (.001, .01)† | .01 | .08 (−.0001, .01) | .06 |
| Other Withdrawal Symptoms | ||||
| WSWS-Hunger | −.01 (−.006, .01) | .86 | −.04 (−.01, .003) | .27 |
| Smoking Lapse Behavior | ||||
| Time Delayed (min) | .03 (−.09, .21) | .41 | .03 (−.11, .22) | .50 |
| Cigarettes Smoked | −.04 (−.01, .002) | .22 | −.05 (−.01, .002) | .15 |
Note. Sample size varies across analyses (Ns = 582–607 due to missing data; see Table 2). WSWS = Wisconsin Severity of Withdrawal Scale; QSU = Questionnaire of Smoking Urges; POMS = Profile of Mood States; CIS = Current Impulsivity Scale; Time Delayed = Time to smoking initiation; Cigarettes smoked = Number of cigarettes smoked.
Unadjusted models controlled for non-deprivation value for respective outcome variable.
Adjusted models additionally controlled for gender, annual income, and IDAS general depression.
Statistically significant after Benjamini-Hochberg correction to maintain study-wise false discovery rate at .05.