Figure 11.

Experimental design. Animals were randomly assigned into 7 groups (n ≥ 8). 14 days administration of 10% fructose preceded a single-dose injection of STZ (40 mg/kg). After 5 days, animals with fasting blood glucose of 15 mmol/L or greater were considered diabetic. OGTT was conducted to confirm insulin resistance. Normal rats were administered the vehicle; water and citrate buffer (CB) correspondingly. Treatment commenced immediately for 42 days via oral gavage. Animals were euthanized on the 43rd day (red bar).