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. 2021 Feb 8;11(2):430. doi: 10.3390/nano11020430

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Scheme of step-by-step formation of porous oxide. (I) Formation of barrier layer, (II) formation of local cavities, (III) growth of porous structure, and (IV) schematic of nanoporous structure with initially disordered structure and following self-ordering. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from [49]. Copyright 2014 American Chemical Society.