Table 3.
Summary of analysis of ordered logit model.
Model 1 (Determinants for Using Offline Shopping Channels during COVID-19 Crisis) |
Model 2 (Determinants for Using Offline Shopping Channels after Stabilization of COVID-19) |
Model 3 (Determinants for Using Online Shopping Channels after Stabilization of COVID-19) |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | +, male | *** | ||||
Age | +, in their 20s and 30s | ** | +, in their 20s and 30s | ** | ||
Income level | − | ** | ||||
Attitude | + | * | − | *** | ||
Subjective norm | − | *** | ||||
Perceived behavioural control | + | ** | ||||
Severity | − | * | − | ** | ||
Vulnerability | − | ** | − | * | − | ** |
Response efficacy | + | * | + | ** | ||
Self-efficacy | + | *** | + | ** | ||
Level of compliance with social distancing | − | *** | + | ** | ||
Knowledge on COVID-19 | + | * | + | * | ||
Recognition of government policy | − | ** | + | ** |
Note: *: p < 0.1, **: p < 0.05, ***: p < 0.01.