Table 3.

The summary of literature study for the retinotectal pathway.

The Retinotectal Pathway in Fear-Related Learning in the Thalamus	Reference Number
SC directly modulates defense behavior	[69]
SC is activated in social eye contact situations in PTSD patients	[70,71]
Subliminal threat activates SC and periaqueductal gray	[72]
Enhanced connectivity between SC and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex in dissociative PTSD	[73]
Pulvinar lesions disrupt implicit fear-related visual processing	[75]
Pulvinar and V1 cortex contribute to fear anticipation	[74]
Contribution of retinotectal pathway to implicit fear processing	[76,77]
Contribution of retinotectal pathway to fear learning	[78]
Smaller pulvinar in traumatized control	[79]
Depletion of right pulvinar seed connectivity to sensory area in dissociative PTSD	[80]