Table 3.

Effect of creatine supplementation along with exercise in glucose metabolism in animals.

Reference	Model	Creatine and Training Protocol	Main Findings
Souza et al. [59]	Male Wistar rats	Loading phase: 5 g∙kg−1 body weight of Cr for 7 d + Maintenance phase: 1 g∙d−1 for 8 wk Training: swimming	↓ plasma glucose levels during 1–4 wk after Cr alone; ↓ plasma glucose levels during 1–8 wk after Cr and exercise protocol.
Freire et al. [61]	Male Wistar rats	Pallets enriched with 2% of Cr for 4 or 8 wk Training: swimming	↔ glucose uptake; ↔ glucose AUC during OGTT; ↔ liver and quadriceps glycogen content.
Vaisy et al. [62]	Male Wistar rats	Cafeteria diet enriched with 2.5% of Cr for 12 wk Training: swimming	↔ fasting blood glucose concentration; ↓ fasting plasma insulin level after training and training + creatine; ↓ whole body insulin level.
Araújo et al. [60]	Male Wistar rats	Loading phase: Chow containing 13% of Cr for 7d + Maintenance phase: Chow containing 2% of Cr for 55 d Training: high intensity treadmill running	↔ glucose uptake; ↓ glucose AUC during OGTT after Cr and exercise protocol.

Note: ↑: increase; ↓: decrease; ↔: no change; Cr: Creatine; PCr: phosphorylcreatine; TCr: total creatine; OGTT: oral glucose tolerance test; AUC: area under the curve.