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Influence of process duration (min) on retentate temperature (°C) during concentration of Cabernet Sauvignon red wine by reverse osmosis (a) and nanofiltration (b). Abbreviations: R—reverse osmosis retentate; N—nanofiltration retentate; 1–2.5 MPa with cooling; 2–3.5 MPa with cooling; 3–4.5 MPa with cooling; 4–5.5 MPa with cooling; 5–2.5 MPa without cooling; 6–3.5 MPa without cooling; 7–4.5 MPa without cooling; 8–5.5 MPa without cooling.
