. 2021 Feb 6;13(4):658. doi: 10.3390/cancers13040658

Table 2.

Potential Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers.

Biomarker	Unfavorable	Univariate Value	Multivariate Value	Impact	Design	Number of Patients/Range	Cut-Off Value	References
Biomarker	Unfavorable	Univariate Value	Multivariate Value	Impact	Design	Number of Patients/Range	Cut-Off Value	References	WBC count	High	HR: N.S.-1.9	HR: N.S.-2.3	All prog	All R	84–363	8.1–15.6 10⁹/L/8.3 10⁹/L *	[102,103,107,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117]
Lymphocytes	Low	N.S.-N.R.	N.S.	All prog	All R	105–285	1.27–2.0 10⁹/L	[102,114,117]
Monocyte count	High	HR: N.R.-4.0	HR: N.S.-2.7	All prog	All R	105–667	0.55 10⁹/L	[43,102,114]
M-CSF	High	HR: 1.6	HR: N.S	Prog	R	36	1120	[79]
Neutrophil count	High	HR: N.S.-N.R.	HR: N.S.	All prog	All R	105–285	5.3–5.89 10⁹/L	[102,114,117]
Platelet count	High	HR: N.S-2.1	HR: N.S.-2.1	All prog	All R	84–363	300–450 g/L, 400 10⁹/L *	[102,103,107,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118]
NLR	High	HR: N.S.-2.3	HR: N.S.-2.7	All prog	All R	30–285	3 and 5/5 *	[102,103,104,109,110,111,112,113,119,120,121]
NLR normalization after treatment	No	HR: N.R.-2.2		All prog	All R	66–69	Decline to 5	[109,111]
LMR	Low	HR: N.R.	HR: N.S.-1.8	All prog	All R	105–283	2.36–2.74	[102,114,122]
PLR	High	HR: N.R.-1.5	HR: N.S.	All prog	All R	105–285	144–300	[102,103,114]
CRP	High	HR: N.S-2.8	HR: N.S.-2.7	All prog and [11] pred	All R	115–363	10–50 mg/L/10 mg/L*	[11,102,103,115,116,123]
CAR	High	HR: N.S.-2.6	HR: N.S.-2.1	All prog	All R	100–201	0.58 and 7.5, 0.58 *	[102,104,124]
mGPS	High	HR: N.R.	HR: 2.6	Prog	R	132	1	[103]
Fibrinogen	High	HR: 2.1	HR: 1.8	Prog and pred	R	176	750 mg/dL	[10]
Albumin	Low	HR: N.R.-1.5	HR: N.S.-1.8	All prog	All R	97–278	35–40 g/L, 35 g/L *	[102,103,114,125]
C4d	High	HR: 7.3 high vs. low	HR: 0.3 low vs. high	Prog	R	30	1.5 µg/mL	[8]
Activin A	High	HR: 0.4	HR: 0.4	Prog	R	119	574.0 pg/mL	[55]
sPD-L1	High	HR: N.R.	H.R.: N.S.	Prog	P	40	0.07–1.83 ng/mL measured at 4 timepoints during therapy	[15]

BC white blood cell, M-CSF macrophage colony stimulating factor, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, LMR lympho-cyte-to-monocyte ratio, PLR platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, IL-6 interleukin 6, CRP C-reactive protein, CAP CRP-to-Albumin ratio, mGPS modified Glasgow prognostic score, C4d Circulating complement component 4d, sPD-L1 soluble programmed cell death ligand 1, HR hazard ratio, N.R. not reported, N.S. not significant, Prog prognostic bi-omarker, Pred predictive biomarker, R retrospective, P prospective, * most frequently used cut-off value.