Table 1.
The treatment of diseases through PDT by using viral nanoparticles as vectors.
| Types of Virus Nanoparticles | Photosensitizer | Modification | Disease/Cell | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| filamentous phage | pyropheophorbide-a (PPa) | SKBR-3 cell-targeting peptide | SKBR-3 breast cancer cells | [81] |
| JM-phage | pyropheophorbide-a (PPa) | scFv antibody | Candida albicans | [82] |
| phage MS2 | porphyrin | Jurkat-specific aptamer | Jurkat leukemia T-cells | [84] |
| phage MS2 | meso-tetra-(4-N,N,N,-trimethylanilinium)-porphine (TMAP) | GTA–G-quadruplex targeting aptamer | MCF-7 human breast cancer cells | [85] |
| bacteriophage Qβ | metalloporphyrin derivative | BPC derivative (3) of the sialoside Siaα2-6Galβ1-4GlcNAc | CHO-CD22+ | [86] |
| HVJ-E | 5-aminolaevulinicacid(5-ALA) | the human lung cancer cell line A549 and the murine melanoma cell line B16 | [87] | |
| HVJ-E | PpIX lipid | porphyrus envelope(PE) | drug-resistant prostate cancer | [75] |
| AAV | protein phytochrome B (PhyB) | phytochrome factor (PIF6) | tumor | [88] |
| AAV2 | KillerRed protein | iron oxide nanoparticle | tumor | [89] |
| Reovirus | 5-aminolaevulinicacid(5-ALA) | pancreatic cancer cell line | [92] | |
| vaccinia virus (OVV) | 2-[1-hexyloxyethyl-]-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) | primary and metastatic tumor | [91] | |
| hepatitis B core protein-like virus(HBc) | indocyanine green (ICG) | tumor | [93] | |
| CCMV | Ru(bpy2)phen-IA | S102C/K42R | Staphylococcus aureus | [74] |
| CPMV | Zn-EpPor | dendron hybrids | macrophages and tumor cells | [77] |
| TMV | 5-(4-ethynylphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(4-methylpyridin-4ium-1-yl)porphyrin-zinc(II) triiodide (Zn-EpPor) | targeting ligands | Melanoma | [95] |
| PhMV | Zn-EpPor | reactive lysine-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester and cysteine-maleimide chemistries | prostate cancer, ovarian, and breast cancer cell lines | [96] |