Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study group (n = 242).
| Parameter | Total (n = 242) | Spring (n = 61) | Summer (n = 77) | Autumn (n = 64) | Winter (n = 40) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female n (%) | 172 (71.1) | 39 (63.9) | 57 (74.0) | 49 (76.6) | 27 (67.5) | 0.38 |
| Age (years) | 78 (72–83) | 80 (73–85) | 78 (72–83) | 78 (72–81) | 77 (74–83.5) | 0.38 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 14 (24–31) | 26 (23–30) | 27 (24–30) | 28 (25–32) | 28 (25–34) | 0.09 |
| Length of hospitalized (days) | 10 (8–12) | 10 (8–14) | 10 (8–11.5) | 10 (8–12) | 10 (9–12) | 0.36 |
| Arterial hypertension n (%) | 198 (81.8) | 48 (78.7) | 60 (77.9) | 54 (84.4) | 36 (90.0) | 0.35 |
| Diabetes mellitus n (%) |
85 (35.1) | 16 (26.2) | 31 (40.3) | 20 (31.3) | 18 (45.0) | 0.16 |
| Hypercholesterolemia n (%) | 70 (28.9) | 14 (23.0) | 27 (35.1) | 18 (28.1) | 11 (27.5) | 0.46 |
| Hyperlipidemia n (%) | 18 (7.4) | 5 (8.2) | 2 (2.6) | 8 (12.5) | 3 (7.5) | 0.16 |
| CAD n (%) | 87 (36.0) | 18 (29.5) | 27 (35.1) | 26 (40.6) | 16 (40.0) | 0.56 |
| HF n (%) | 63 (26.0) | 19 (31.1) | 20 (26.0) | 14 (21.9) | 19 (47.5) | 0.03 |
| Anemia n (%) | 65 (26.9) | 18 (29.5) | 19 (24.7) | 17 (26.6) | 11 (27.5) | 0.93 |
| CKD n (%) | 41 (16.9) | 8 (13.1) | 19 (24.7) | 7 (10.9) | 7 (17.5) | 0.13 |
| COPD n (%) | 21 (8.7) | 5 (8.2) | 7 (9.1) | 7 (10.9) | 2 (5,0) | 0.76 |
| Stroke n (%) | 23 (9.5) | 7 (11.5) | 8 (10.4) | 6 (9.4) | 2 (5.0) | 0.73 |
| Obesity n (%) | 92 (38.0) | 16 (26.2) | 22 (28.6) | 25 (39.1) | 16 (40.0) | 0.15 |
| Overweight n (%) | 79 (32.6) | 21 (34.4) | 33 (42.9) | 24 (37.5) | 14 (35.0) | 0.15 |
Abbreviations: BMI—body mass index; CAD—coronary artery disease; HF—heart failure; CKD—chronic kidney disease; COPD—chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; arterial hypertension according to European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology (ESH/ESC) 2007 was recognized as SBP (systolic blood pressure): 140–159 (mmHg) and DBP (diastolic blood pressure): 90–99 (mmHg) [13].