Table 2.

FE002-Cart cell type characterization overview. Data succinctly comprise findings of our research group and those of collaborator groups working on the same primary cell source of interest.

Cell Type Characteristic	Data, Findings 1	References
Identity	“FE002-Cart”, primary diploid cell type, from ulnar epiphysis Fibroblast-like stable cellular morphology in 2D in vitro culture Defined surface marker profile (i.e., CD14−, CD34−, CD45−, HLA-DP/DQ/DR−, CD26+, CD44+, CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, CD166+, HLA-ABC+) 2	[34]
Stability	Establishment and testing of EOPCB 3 at Passage 12 1 Normal 46X,Y karyotype stable up to Passage 12 1 Lifespan > 35 PDs 4 with stable in vitro expansion kinetics Resistance to adipogenic and osteogenic induction, cryogenic shock	[34]
Cytocompatibility	Cytocompatible with various hydrogel formulations (e.g., alginate and hyaluronan-based polymer gels) High shear stress resistance for seeding in bioengineered constructs Clinically relevant scaffold stiffness generation under stimulation	[64,92,93]
Safety	Non-toxic and no angiogenesis perturbation in CAM 5 model 1 Non-immunogenic and non-tumorigenic in murine and rat models of cartilage defect or subcutaneous implantation Non-immunogenic, non-tumorigenic, and no slowing of cartilage defect healing in caprine model 1	[36,92]
Functionality	Spontaneous chondrogenic activity in 3D micropellets Potent and stable production of ECM 6 (i.e., GAGs 7, aggrecan, types I and II collagen) Important functional responsiveness to mechanostimulation in dynamic scaffold culture conditions Highly responsive chondrogenic potential under biochemical stimulation (e.g., alginate, TGF-β1) Highly responsive chondrogenic potential in specific formulations (e.g., therapeutic cell microencapsulation)	[12,34,36,70,92,94]

¹ Original data, ² cluster of differentiation, ³ end of production cell bank, ⁴ population doubling, ⁵ chorioallantoic membrane, ⁶ extracellular matrix, ⁷ glycosaminoglycan.