Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of covariates at baseline waves among adolescents (12–17 years of age) who reported never having smoked cigarettes.
| Wave 1 (n = 5001) | Wave 2 (n = 6637) | Wave 3 (n = 8177) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Interview status | |||
| Youth (aged 12–17) | 5001 (100) | 4864 (73.3) | 4711 (57.6) |
| Shadow youth (aged 9–11) | 0 (0) | 1773 (26.7) | 3466 (42.4) |
| P30D e-cigarette use | |||
| Yes | 19 (0.4) | 53 (0.9) | 112 (1.5) |
| No | 4949 (99.6) | 6538 (99.1) | 8033 (98.5) |
| Age group | |||
| 12–14 | 4388 (96.7) | 5147 (77.0) | 5175 (63.3) |
| 15–17 | 168 (3.3) | 1490 (23.0) | 3002 (36.7) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 2551 (50.8) | 3365 (50.8) | 4190 (51.1) |
| Female | 2450 (49.2) | 3253 (49.2) | 3963 (48.9) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 2334 (53.4) | 2984 (52.5) | 3624 (51.7) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 722 (14.4) | 899 (13.9) | 1087 (13.6) |
| Non-Hispanic Other | 447 (9.2) | 586 (9.7) | 739 (10.1) |
| Hispanic | 1498 (23.0) | 1946 (23.9) | 2402 (24.6) |
| Sexual orientation (ages 14+) | |||
| Straight/Heterosexual | 1455 (94.9) | 2867 (92.3) | 4145 (90.9) |
| Gay, lesbian, bisexual, or other | 75 (5.1) | 234 (7.7) | 421 (9.1) |
| Parental education | |||
| Less than high school | 1009 (17.4) | 1199 (16.4) | 1511 (15.9) |
| High school graduate | 907 (17.3) | 1105 (17.0) | 1392 (16.4) |
| Some college or associate degree | 1024 (19.9) | 1882 (30.3) | 2519 (31.0) |
| Bachelor’s degree or above | 2032 (45.4) | 1928 (36.6) | 2583 (36.7) |
| P30D use of other tobacco products 1 | |||
| Yes | 19 (0.4) | 32 (0.6) | 56 (0.7) |
| No | 4757 (99.6) | 6461 (99.4) | 8059 (99.3) |
| Past year internalizing problems | |||
| Low | 2558 (52.5) | 3420 (52.6) | 4023 (50.7) |
| Moderate | 1432 (29.4) | 1771 (27.7) | 2205 (28.0) |
| High | 856 (18.1) | 1269 (19.7) | 1704 (21.3) |
| Past year externalizing problems | |||
| Low | 1901 (39.8) | 2776 (43.4) | 3397 (43.2) |
| Moderate | 1446 (30.7) | 1738 (27.8) | 2127 (27.8) |
| High | 1368 (29.5) | 1807 (28.8) | 2249 (29.1) |
1 Other tobacco included cigars (traditional cigars, cigarillos, or filtered cigars), hookah, and smokeless tobacco (snus pouches, loose snus, moist snuff, dip, spit, or chewing tobacco).