. 2021 Feb 10;57(2):159. doi: 10.3390/medicina57020159

Table 3.

Characteristics of the interventions included in the systematic review.

Study	Group	Intervention Duration	Frequency	Session Duration	Description	Progression	Additional Information
Samadian 2019 [16]	Con	6 weeks	None	None	None	None
	Dia		None	None	None	None
	DiaIn		None	None	None	None	Insulin: 0.9 IU.100/g once a day for 6 weeks
	Ex		5 days/wk	25 min (mean)	5 min warm-up and cool-down Running at 18 m/min at 5% of inclination and 65% VO_2max from 9 to 18 min	Speed: from 9 m/min to 18 m/min Duration: from 15 min to 30 min
	DiaEx
	DiaInEx						Insulin: 0.9 IU.100 g⁻¹ once a day for 6 weeks
Samadian 2019 [17]	Con	6 weeks	None	None	None	None
	Dia		None	None	None	None
	DiaIn		None	None	None	None	Insulin: 0.9 IU.100 g⁻¹ once a day for 6 weeks
	Ex		5 days/wk	25 min (mean)	5 min warm-up and cool-down Running at 18 m/min at 5% of inclination and 65% VO_2max from 9 to 18 min	Speed: from 9 m/min to 18 m/min Duration: from 15 min to 30 min
	DiaEx
	DiaInEx						Insulin: 0.9 IU.100 g⁻¹ once a day for 6 weeks
Parastesh 2019 [20]	Con	10 weeks	None	None	None	None
	Dia		None	None	None	None
	Ex		6 days/wk	52.1 min (mean)	5 min warm-up and cool-down (16 m/min) Running at 27 m/min and 0º inclination	Adaptation wk: walking 8 m/min Duration from 1st wk to 4th wk (2 min/session) until 60 min and maintain
	DiaEx		6 days/wk	52.1 min (mean)
Parastesh 2019 [21]	Con	10 weeks	None	None	None	None
	Dia		None	None	None	None
	DiaExE		5 days/wk	52.1 min (mean)	5 min warm-up and cool-down (16 m/min) Running at 27 m/min and 0º inclination	Adaptation wk: walking 8 m/min Duration from 1st wk to 4th wk (2 min/session) until 60 min and maintain
	DiaExR		5 days/wk	Not reported	1 m climbing a long ladder at 90º with a weight in animals’ tails 3 sets (2 min rest between) of 4 repetitions (10 s rest between)	Adaptation 1st wk Weight: 30% animal weight in 2nd wk and increase until 200% in 10th wk
	DiaExC		5 days/wk	Alternatively: DiaExE protocol and DiaExR
Rosety Rodríguez 2014 [19]	Dia	14 weeks	None	None	None	None
Rosety Rodríguez 2014 [19]	DiaEx	14 weeks	3 days/wk	~60 min	10–15 min warm-up 40 min treadmill at an intensity 55–70% HR_peak 5–10 min cool-down	Intensity: 2.5% HRpeak/2 wks
Murray 1988 [18]	Ex	Acute session		45 min	Cycling at 50% VO_2max	Workload: automatically readjust during the test.
Murray 1988 [18]	DiaInEx	Acute session		45 min	Cycling at 50% VO_2max	Workload: automatically readjust during the test.	Diabetic: 5 units of NPH intermediate-acting insulin subcutaneously in the left hip 30 min before exercise

Con: control group, Dia: diabetic group, DiaIn: insulin administration group, DiaEx: diabetic and exercise intervention group, DiaInEx: diabetic group with insulin administration and exercise intervention, DiaExE: diabetic and endurance exercise intervention group, DiaExR: diabetic and resistance exercise intervention group, DiaExC: diabetic and combined exercise intervention group, VO₂max: maximum oxygen consumption, HRmax: maximum heart rate.