Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and comparison.
| Comparison | POAG | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 2580) | (n = 645) | |||||
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 1228 | (47.6%) | 307 | (47.6%) | 1.0000 | |
| Male | 1352 | (52.4%) | 338 | (52.4%) | ||
| Age | ||||||
| Mean ± SD | 72.64 ± 5.58 | 72.57 ± 5.66 | 0.7915 | |||
| Low income | ||||||
| Yes | 1620 | (62.79%) | 405 | (62.79%) | 1.0000 | |
| No | 960 | (37.21%) | 240 | (37.21%) | ||
| Urbanization level | ||||||
| Highly urbanized | 563 | (21.82%) | 198 | (30.7%) | <.0001 | |
| Moderate urbanization | 667 | (25.85%) | 180 | (27.91%) | ||
| Emerging town | 402 | (15.58%) | 79 | (12.25%) | ||
| General town | 489 | (18.95%) | 105 | (16.28%) | ||
| Aged Township | 101 | (3.91%) | 21 | (3.26%) | ||
| Agricultural town | 195 | (7.56%) | 37 | (5.74%) | ||
| Remote township | 163 | (6.32%) | 25 | (3.88%) | ||
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Hypertension | 1616 | (62.64%) | 449 | (69.61%) | 0.0010 | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 452 | (17.52%) | 146 | (22.64%) | 0.0048 | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 879 | (34.07%) | 313 | (48.53%) | <.0001 | |
| Conge stive heart failure | 256 | (9.92%) | 77 | (11.94%) | 0.1523 | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 157 | (6.09%) | 56 | (8.68%) | 0.0002 | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 64 | (2.48%) | 34 | (5.27%) | 0.0028 | |
| Ischemic stroke | 85 | (3.29%) | 19 | (2.95%) | 0.6539 | |
| Headaches | 438 | (16.98%) | 137 | (21.24%) | 0.0047 | |
| Migraines | 75 | (2.91%) | 29 | (4.5%) | 0.0716 | |
| Epilepsy and recurrent | 41 | (1.59%) | 16 | (2.48%) | 0.1775 | |
| Dementia | 173 | (6.71%) | 44 | (6.82%) | 0.9161 | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 82 | (3.18%) | 24 | (3.72%) | 0.5093 | |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 3 | (0.12%) | 2 | (0.31%) | 0.3979 | |
| Diabetes | 689 | (26.71%) | 226 | (35.04%) | <.0001 | |
| Asthma | 622 | (24.11%) | 161 | (24.96%) | 0.6516 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 131 | (5.08%) | 39 | (6.05%) | 0.3489 | |
| Hepatitis B | 39 | (1.51%) | 12 | (1.86%) | 0.5505 | |
| Fluid, Electrolyte, Acid–Base Disorders | 55 | (2.13%) | 23 | (3.57%) | 0.0678 | |
| Tuberculosis | 63 | (2.44%) | 16 | (2.48%) | 0.9546 | |
| Anemia | 274 | (10.62%) | 102 | (15.81%) | 0.0009 | |
| Peptic ulcer | 170 | (6.59%) | 66 | (10.23%) | 0.0049 | |
| Depression | 52 | (2.02%) | 16 | (2.48%) | 0.4893 | |
| Malignant disease | 310 | (12.02%) | 105 | (16.28%) | 0.0074 | |
Abbreviation: POAG: primary open-angle glaucoma; SD: standard deviation.