Table 3.
Logistic regression analysis of PM2.5 level and POAG.
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | ||
| PM2.5 WHO standard level (reference: normal level) | |||
| WHO 1.0 level | 0.818 (0.595–1.126) | 0.825 (0.588–1.158) | |
| WHO 1.5 level | 0.983 (0.706–1.370) | 0.982 (0.690–1.396) | |
| WHO 2.0 level | 2.004 (1.308–3.071) | 1.668 (1.045–2.663) | |
| Gender (reference: female) | |||
| Male | 1.000 (0.841–1.189) | 1.093 (0.911–1.311) | |
| Age (reference:general population) | |||
| Per year | 0.998 (0.983–1.013) | 0.999 (0.982–1.015) | |
| Low income (reference: no) | |||
| yes | 1.000 (0.837–1.195) | 0.744 (0.603–0.919) | |
| Urbanization level (reference: highly urbanized) | |||
| Moderate urbanization | 0.767 (0.609–0.967) | 0.822 (0.642–1.053) | |
| Emerging town | 0.559 (0.418–0.747) | 0.640 (0.469–0.872) | |
| General town | 0.611 (0.468–0.796) | 0.628 (0.464–0.852) | |
| Aged Township | 0.591 (0.360–0.972) | 0.545 (0.320–0.927) | |
| Agricultural town | 0.540 (0.366–0.794) | 0.471 (0.307–0.723) | |
| Remote township | 0.436 (0.278–0.685) | 0.413 (0.254–0.669) | |
| Comorbidity (reference: no) | |||
| Hypertension | 1.366 (1.135–1.645) | 1.074 (0.873–1.320) | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.378 (1.116–1.700) | 1.090 (0.865–1.374) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.824 (1.532–2.172) | 1.588 (1.305–1.932) | |
| Congestive heart failure | 1.231 (0.939–1.613) | 1.015 (0.752–1.371) | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1.708 (1.304–2.236) | 1.393 (0.998–1.943) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2.188 (1.430–3.347) | 2.088 (1.324–3.292) | |
| Ischemic stroke | 0.891 (0.538–1.476) | 0.796 (0.471–1.347) | |
| Headaches | 1.319 (1.064–1.635) | 1.204 (0.954–1.519) | |
| Migraines | 1.573 (1.016–2.437) | 1.417 (0.891–2.253) | |
| Epilepsy and recurrent | 1.576 (0.879–2.827) | 1.635 (0.891–3.002) | |
| Dementia | 1.019 (0.723–1.435) | 0.902 (0.625–1.301) | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 1.177 (0.741–1.871) | 1.031 (0.635–1.675) | |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 2.672 (0.446–16.023) | 3.126 (0.468–20.892) | |
| Diabetes | 1.481 (1.232–1.779) | 1.175 (0.958–1.440) | |
| Asthma | 1.047 (0.857–1.279) | 0.934 (0.755–1.155) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1.203 (0.832–1.739) | 0.943 (0.638–1.394) | |
| Hepatitis B | 1.235 (0.643–2.373) | 0.993 (0.502–1.963) | |
| Fluid, Electrolyte, Acid–Base Disorders | 1.698 (1.035–2.784) | 1.455 (0.866–2.446) | |
| Tuberculosis | 1.016 (0.583–1.771) | 1.004 (0.562–1.793) | |
| Anemia | 1.581 (1.236–2.021) | 1.410 (1.085–1.833) | |
| Peptic ulcer | 1.616 (1.199–2.178) | 1.577 (1.157–2.149) | |
| Depression | 1.237 (0.701–2.180) | 1.025 (0.568–1.850) | |
| Malignant disease | 1.424 (1.120–1.811) | 1.280 (0.995–1.646) | |
Abbreviation: CI: confidence interval. Adjusted for gender, age, low income, urbanization level, and comorbidity.