Table 1.
Comparison of characteristics between statin users and the control group before and after propensity score matching.
| Before Propensity Score Matching (n = 124,330) | After Propensity Score Matching (n = 34,312) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Statin User n = 22,633 |
Control Group n = 101,697 |
ASD | Statin User n = 17,156 |
Control Group n = 17,156 |
ASD | |
| Age, year | ||||||
| 20–29 | 146 (0.6) | 32,234 (31.7) | 146 (0.9) | 179 (1.0) | ||
| 30–39 | 331 (1.5) | 12,823 (12.6) | 0.929 | 329 (1.9) | 220 (1.3) | 0.053 |
| 40–49 | 1222 (5.4) | 15,297 (15.0) | 0.427 | 1176 (6.9) | 854 (5.0) | 0.083 |
| 50–59 | 5513 (24.4) | 19,747 (19.4) | 0.115 | 4768 (27.8) | 4786 (27.9) | 0.002 |
| 60–69 | 7640 (33.8) | 12,029 (11.8) | 0.463 | 5503 (32.1) | 5820 (33.9) | 0.039 |
| 70–79 | 4965 (21.9) | 5461 (5.4) | 0.400 | 3232 (18.8) | 3221 (18.8) | 0.002 |
| ≥80 | 2816 (12.4) | 4106 (4.0) | 0.255 | 2002 (11.7) | 2076 (12.1) | 0.013 |
| Sex, male | 8147 (36.0) | 40,579 (39.9) | 0.081 | 6141 (35.8) | 6263 (36.5) | 0.015 |
| Residence | ||||||
| Seoul | 1001 (4.4) | 7055 (6.9) | 788 (4.6) | 778 (4.5) | ||
| Gyeonggi-do | 15,533 (68.6) | 65,960 (64.9) | 0.081 | 11,654 (67.9) | 11,603 (67.6) | 0.006 |
| Daegu | 1111 (4.9) | 5744 (5.6) | 0.034 | 839 (4.9) | 845 (4.9) | 0.002 |
| Gyeongsangbuk-do | 3242 (14.3) | 11,865 (11.7) | 0.076 | 2488 (14.5) | 2551 (14.9) | 0.011 |
| Other area | 1746 (7.7) | 11,073 (10.9) | 0.119 | 1387 (8.1) | 1379 (8.0) | 0.002 |
| Underlying disability | 2687 (11.9) | 4968 (4.9) | 0.216 | 1836 (10.7) | 1913 (11.2) | 0.014 |
| Income level | ||||||
| Q1 (Lowest) | 5999 (26.5) | 26,388 (25.9) | 4490 (26.2) | 4481 (26.1) | ||
| Q2 | 3496 (15.4) | 21,483 (21.1) | 0.157 | 2782 (16.2) | 2773 (16.2) | 0.002 |
| Q3 | 4887 (21.6) | 22,887 (22.5) | 0.022 | 3732 (21.8) | 3694 (21.5) | 0.005 |
| Q4 (Highest) | 7892 (34.9) | 29,177 (28.7) | 0.130 | 5886 (34.3) | 5936 (34.6) | 0.006 |
| Unknown | 359 (1.6) | 1762 (1.7) | 0.012 | 266 (1.6) | 272 (1.6) | 0.003 |
| Charlson comorbidity index 2020 | 3.6 (3.4) | 1.4 (2.6) | 0.640 | 3.2 (3.2) | 3.1 (3.3) | 0.018 |
| Hypertension | 15,826 (69.9) | 16,901 (16.6) | 1.162 | 10,663 (62.2) | 11,185 (65.2) | 0.066 |
| DM without chronic complication | 8099 (35.8) | 5682 (5.6) | 0.630 | 4668 (27.2) | 4403 (25.7) | 0.032 |
| DM with chronic complication | 2944 (13.0) | 1311 (1.3) | 0.348 | 1560 (9.1) | 1171 (6.8) | 0.067 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 3901 (17.2) | 3297 (3.2) | 0.371 | 2446 (14.3) | 2190 (12.8) | 0.039 |
| Renal disease | 733 (3.2) | 659 (0.6) | 0.146 | 438 (2.6) | 415 (2.4) | 0.008 |
| Rheumatic disease | 1097 (4.8) | 1861 (1.8) | 0.141 | 699 (4.1) | 790 (4.6) | 0.025 |
| Dementia | 1684 (7.4) | 2242 (2.2) | 0.200 | 1168 (6.8) | 1239 (7.2) | 0.016 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 3331 (14.7) | 6541 (6.4) | 0.233 | 2345 (13.7) | 2334 (13.6) | 0.002 |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 204 (0.9) | 364 (0.4) | 0.058 | 150 (0.9) | 147 (0.9) | 0.002 |
| Moderate or severe liver disease | 43 (0.2) | 103 (0.1) | 0.020 | 34 (0.2) | 35 (0.2) | 0.001 |
| Mild liver disease | 6117 (27.0) | 7495 (7.4) | 0.442 | 3967 (23.1) | 3975 (23.2) | 0.001 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 4303 (19.0) | 9813 (9.6) | 0.239 | 3027 (17.6) | 3059 (17.8) | 0.005 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 3447 (15.2) | 2316 (2.3) | 0.360 | 1971 (11.5) | 1651 (9.6) | 0.052 |
| Congestive heart failure | 2079 (9.2) | 1604 (1.6) | 0.263 | 1241 (7.2) | 1077 (6.3) | 0.033 |
| Myocardial infarction | 722 (3.2) | 465 (0.5) | 0.156 | 329 (1.9) | 232 (1.4) | 0.032 |
| Malignancy | 6157 (27.2) | 15,856 (15.6) | 0.261 | 4355 (25.4) | 4439 (25.9) | 0.011 |
| Metastatic solid tumor | 1350 (6.0) | 2722 (2.7) | 0.139 | 963 (5.6) | 1049 (6.1) | 0.021 |
| AIDS/HIV | 2 (0.0) | 30 (0.0) | 0.022 | 2 (0.0) | 4 (0.0) | 0.012 |
| Other cardiovascular drug use | ||||||
| Aspirin | 4845 (21.4) | 2009 (2.0) | 0.474 | 2468 (14.4) | 1862 (10.9) | 0.086 |
| Clopidogrel | 2874 (12.7) | 823 (0.8) | 0.357 | 1353 (7.9) | 797 (4.6) | 0.097 |
| ACEi | 575 (2.5) | 191 (0.2) | 0.150 | 272 (1.6) | 171 (1.0) | 0.037 |
| ARB | 9836 (43.5) | 8020 (7.9) | 0.718 | 6285 (36.6) | 6390 (37.2) | 0.012 |
| CCB | 4954 (21.9) | 3687 (3.6) | 0.442 | 3094 (18.0) | 2983 (17.4) | 0.016 |
| Beta blocker | 2203 (9.7) | 1206 (1.2) | 0.288 | 1189 (6.9) | 997 (5.8) | 0.038 |
Presented as a number with percentage or mean value with standard deviation. ASD, absolute value of standardized mean difference; DM, diabetes mellitus; AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blockers; CCB, calcium channel blocker.