Table 2.

Baseline Characteristics of the Included Studies.

Study	Design	Population	Risk Factors for Inclusion	Imaging Technique	Baseline vs. Serial TBP
Prospective Trials
Banky 2005	prospective single cohort	>16 years median age 38 years (range 16–74) n = 309 (female n = 168, male n = 141) Australia	>4 dysplastic nevi >100 nevi positive family history of melanoma positive personal history of melanoma	14 baseline photographs 35 mm single-lens reflex camera dermoscopy allowed, no SDDI	baseline TBP
Goodson 2010	prospective single cohort	n = 1076 USA	≥3 atypical nevi >50 nevi personal history of melanoma positive family history of melanoma extensive lentiginosis	approx. 27 regional photographs on standard poses; additional photographs were taken to monitor atypical lesions in other regions FinePix S2 Pro digital camera dermoscopy allowed, no SDDI	baseline TBP
Kelly 1997	prospective single cohort	>18 years mean age 37 years (range 18–67) n = 278 (female n = 162, male n = 116) Australia	dysplastic melanocytic nevi	systematic set of 14 baseline photographs with definition of standard views epiluminescence microscopy	baseline TBP
Moloney 2014	prospective single cohort	>18 years median age 53 years (range 21–85) n = 311 Australia	4 groups: (i) personal history of at least one invasive melanoma and dysplastic nevus syndrome (ii) personal history of at least one invasive melanoma and a family history of at least three first-degree or second-degree relatives with a confirmed history of malignant melanoma (iii) personal history of at least two primary invasive melanomas with at least one occurring in the 10 years prior to recruitment for patients with only two melanomas (iv) confirmed CDKN2A (OMIM 600160) or CDK4 (OMIM123829) gene mutation	12–24 digital high-resolution photographs according to a standardized protocol SDDI allowed	serial TBP
Nathansohn 2007	prospective single cohort	0–82 years median age 34 years n = 895 (female n = 401, male n = 494) Israel	>20 nevi or multiple freckles multiple dysplastic nevi positive family history of melanoma children with congenital nevi	12 MP digital single-lens reflex camera and 7 MP digital camera with polarized light dermoscope standard set of 20 photos and photos of marked lesions	serial TBP
Salerni 2012	prospective single cohort	mean age 37 years n = 618 (female n = 337, male n = 281) Europe	moderate to severe atypical mole syndrome (>100 nevi and/or >10 atypical and/or dysplastic nevi) personal and/or family history of melanoma carriers of melanoma gene mutations other cancer risk conditions (congenital nevus, immunosuppression, genodermatosis)	standardized digital system for images (standardized method for total body mapping) total-body mapping with digital images SDDI allowed	serial TBP
Retrospective studies
Drugge 2019	retrospective two cohorts (TBP 1 vs. non-TBP)	>18 years median age 54 years (IQR 29) n = 4692 (2473 with TBP) USA	no special risk factors as inclusion criteria	simultaneous image capture of 25 cameras dermoscopy allowed	serial TBP
Drugge 2020	retrospective single cohort	n = 218 (subgroup of Drugge 2019) USA	personal or family history of melanoma ≥4 dysplastic nevi ≥100 nevi	simultaneous image capture of 25 cameras dermoscopy allowed	serial TBP
Feit 2004	retrospective single cohort	n = 576 USA	no special risk factors as inclusion criteria	standardized series of poses dermoscopy allowed, no SDDI	baseline TBP
Rademaker 2010	retrospective two cohorts	n = 100 patients (female n = 53, male n = 47) with melanoma (n = 52 invasive, n = 48 in situ) mean age 51 years New Zealand	patients diagnosed with melanoma or melanoma-in-situ	panoramic views, macroscopic views and dermoscopic views Nikon D50 Digital SLR camera for panoramic images Hewlett Packard Photosmart 912 or Canon Photoshot G6 1/1.8 inch 7 megapixel CCD digital camera for macro/micro images SDDI	serial TBP
Risser 2007	retrospective two cohorts (TBP vs. non-TBP)	median age 33.6 years n = 128 (female n = 71; male n = 57) USA	multiple atypical nevi	no dermoscopy	n.r.
Strunck 2020	retrospective two cohorts	>18 years median age 40 years (range 18–84) n = 1955 (female n = 1179, male n = 776) US	no special risk factors as inclusion criteria	dermoscopy, but no SDDI	n.r.
Truong 2016	retrospective single cohort	>18 years median age 39.0 years n = 926 (female n = 541, male n = 385) USA	no special risk factors as inclusion criteria	n.r.	n.r.

¹ Abbreviation: n.r. = not reported, SDDI = sequential digital dermoscopy imaging, TBP = total body photography.