Table 1.
Summary of geometry, calculated bond distances (), experimental bond distances (), calculated bond dissociation enthalpies (BDH), experimental calculated bond dissociation enthalpies (BDH), vibrational spectroscopy data, electron densities (), and energy densities () of targeted CC bonds for molecules 1–53 .
# | sym | bond | BDH | BDH | BSO n | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | D3d | C−C | 1.523 | 1.536 [97] | 89.0 | 89.7 [98] | 4.216 | 1092 | 1.000 | 1.659 | −1.431 |
2 | C2v | C−C | 1.524 | 1.528 [99] | 87.4 | 87.2 [98] | 4.160 | 1085 | 0.989 | 1.671 | −1.443 |
3 | C3v | C−C | 1.526 | 1.535 [100] | 86.7 | 88.9 [98] | 4.092 | 1076 | 0.976 | 1.675 | −1.442 |
4 | T | C−C | 1.530 | 1.539 [26] | 87.5 | 86.0 [98] | 3.997 | 1063 | 0.958 | 1.669 | −1.423 |
5 | C2h | C−C | 1.541 | 1.544 [25] | 82.8 | 86.6 [98] | 3.786 | 1035 | 0.917 | 1.645 | −1.369 |
6 | D3 | C−C | 1.577 | 1.582 [25] | 80.4 | 76.0 [98] | 3.229 | 956 | 0.807 | 1.544 | −1.181 |
7 | C2 | C−C | 1.542 | 1.550 [101] | 66.9 | 66.6 [98] | 3.675 | 1020 | 0.895 | 1.601 | −1.322 |
8 | C2 | C−C | 1.629 | 1.677 [18] | 53.4 | 43.7 [102] | 2.414 | 826 | 0.639 | 1.387 | −1.925 |
9 | C1 | C−C | 1.597 | 1.601 [103] | 73.1 | 60.2 [104] | 2.888 | 904 | 0.737 | 1.481 | −1.079 |
10 | C2 | C−C | 1.611 | 1.635 [103] | 61.2 | 51.0 [104] | 2.693 | 873 | 0.697 | 1.443 | −1.016 |
11 | C2 | C−C | 1.631 | 1.635 [105] | 52.2 | 44.7 [105] | 2.290 | 805 | 0.611 | 1.371 | −1.918 |
12 | D2 | C−C | 1.699 | - | 16.6 | - | 1.518 | 678 | 0.439 | 1.188 | −1.663 |
13 | S6 | C−C | 1.669 | 1.670 [106] | 33.9 | - | 1.919 | 737 | 0.526 | 1.275 | −1.830 |
14 | C2h | C−C | 1.523 | 1.539 [26] | 86.0 | 87.2 [98] | 4.177 | 1087 | 0.993 | 1.672 | −1.447 |
15 | C3v | C−CN | 1.472 | 1.460 [107] | 119.2 | 115.8 [98] | 4.432 | 1120 | 1.041 | 1.787 | −1.852 |
C−C | 1.535 | - | - | - | 3.915 | 1052 | 0.942 | 1.644 | −1.388 | ||
16 | C2 | C−C | 1.599 | 1.601 [103] | 70.3 | 62.2 [106] | 2.853 | 898 | 0.730 | 1.477 | −1.070 |
17 | C2 | C−C | 1.622 | 1.630 [18] | 50.0 | 44.0 [106] | 2.509 | 842 | 0.658 | 1.410 | −1.965 |
18 | C2 | C−C | 1.589 | 1.606 [103] | 72.1 | 57.8 [106] | 3.050 | 929 | 0.770 | 1.506 | −1.119 |
19 | C1 | C−C | 1.614 | 1.660 [19] | 78.6 | - | 2.792 | 889 | 0.717 | 1.427 | −1.996 |
20 | C1 | C−C | 1.647 | 1.647 [18] | 71.4 | ≈ 71 [18] | 2.401 | 824 | 0.635 | 1.331 | −1.855 |
21 | C1 | C−C | 1.656 | 1.659 [18] | 64.3 | - | 2.245 | 797 | 0.602 | 1.310 | −1.824 |
22 | C1 | C−C | 1.693 | 1.704 [18] | - | - | 1.874 | 728 | 0.521 | 1.218 | −1.694 |
23 | C1 | C−C | 1.787 | - | - | - | 1.142 | 568 | 0.351 | 1.014 | −1.465 |
24 | C1 | C−C | 1.695 | 1.707 [18] | - | - | 1.861 | 726 | 0.519 | 1.211 | −1.687 |
25 | D2h | C−C | 1.642 | 1.640 [108] | - | - | 2.411 | 826 | 0.637 | 1.317 | −1.857 |
26 | C1 | C−C | 1.708 | 1.754 [31] | - | - | 1.788 | 711 | 0.502 | 1.153 | −1.620 |
27 | C2h | C−C | 1.651 | - | - | - | 1.591 | 671 | 0.456 | 1.347 | −1.876 |
28 | C3v | C−C | 1.512 | 1.516 [109] | 86.9 | 88.3 [98] | 4.154 | 1084 | 0.988 | 1.747 | −1.615 |
29 | D3d | C−C | 1.583 | 1.564 [110] | 73.4 | 70.1 [98] | 2.944 | 913 | 0.749 | 1.575 | −1.181 |
30a | D3d | C−C | 1.935 | - | 41.2 | - | 0.894 | 503 | 0.286 | 0.523 | −1.194 |
30b | C2h | C−C | 1.591 | - | 42.7 | - | 0.971 | 524 | 0.306 | 1.272 | −1.929 |
31 | C2v | C−C | 1.930 | - | - | - | 0.604 | 413 | 0.209 | 0.742 | −1.242 |
32 | Cs | C−C | 1.495 | 1.501 [99] | 100.0 | 100.9 [98] | 4.575 | 1138 | 1.068 | 1.770 | −1.637 |
C=C | 1.324 | 1.336 [99] | - | - | 9.821 | 1667 | 1.997 | 2.444 | −1.197 | ||
33 | D2h | C=C | 1.322 | 1.339 [97] | 173.9 | 172.2 [98] | 9.961 | 1679 | 2.000 | 2.449 | −1.214 |
34 | C2h | C−C | 1.457 | 1.467 [111] | - | 116.0 [98] | 5.119 | 1203 | 1.169 | 1.920 | −1.934 |
C=C | 1.329 | 1.349 [111] | - | - | 9.537 | 1642 | 1.931 | 2.426 | −1.145 | ||
35 | C1 | C−C | 1.497 | 1.502 [112] | 98.2 | 99.6 [98] | 4.484 | 1126 | 1.051 | 1.776 | −1.639 |
C=C | 1.324 | 1.340 [112] | - | - | 9.804 | 1665 | 1.975 | 2.443 | −1.195 | ||
36 | Cs | C−C | 1.501 | 1.500 [113] | 97.3 | 99.7 [98] | 4.382 | 1113 | 1.032 | 1.775 | −1.628 |
C=C | 1.324 | 1.341 [113] | - | - | 9.811 | 1666 | 1.976 | 2.443 | −1.198 | ||
37 | Cs | C−C | 1.520 | 1.522 [103] | 96.1 | 97.5 [98] | 4.179 | 1087 | 0.993 | 1.749 | −1.573 |
C=C | 1.324 | - | - | - | 9.765 | 1662 | 1.968 | 2.438 | −1.188 | ||
38 | D∞h | C≡C | 1.194 | 1.208 [97] | 228.1 | 229.9 [98] | 17.777 | 2243 | 3.190 | 2.894 | −1.700 |
39 | C3v | C−C | 1.455 | 1.450 [26] | 124.3 | 123.5 [98] | 5.254 | 1219 | 1.194 | 1.844 | −1.895 |
C≡C | 1.196 | 1.207 [26] | - | - | 17.515 | 2226 | 3.153 | 2.862 | −1.742 | ||
40 | C3v | C−C | 1.455 | 1.458 [99] | 122.9 | 121.1 [98] | 5.141 | 1206 | 1.173 | 1.828 | −1.931 |
41 | Cs | C−C | 1.425 | 1.431 [26] | 135.3 | 133.6 [98] | 5.777 | 1278 | 1.289 | 1.974 | −1.151 |
C=C | 1.329 | - | - | - | 9.564 | 1645 | 1.936 | 2.418 | −1.137 | ||
C≡C | 1.199 | - | - | - | 17.264 | 2210 | 3.116 | 2.860 | −1.699 | ||
42 | Cs | C−C | 1.430 | 1.429 [114] | 131.7 | 132.1 [98] | 5.582 | 1256 | 1.254 | 1.938 | −1.141 |
C=C | 1.327 | 1.339 [114] | - | - | 9.645 | 1656 | 1.957 | 2.428 | −1.166 | ||
43 | D∞h | C−C | 1.372 | 1.383 [26] | 158.3 | 155.0 [98] | 7.406 | 1447 | 1.575 | 2.142 | −1.517 |
C≡C | 1.199 | 1.209 [115] | - | - | 17.160 | 2203 | 3.101 | 2.858 | −1.684 | ||
44 | C∞v | C−C | 1.375 | 1.379 [116] | 150.9 | 152.4 [98] | 7.348 | 1442 | 1.565 | 2.122 | −1.491 |
C≡C | 1.196 | 1.204 [116] | - | - | 17.470 | 2223 | 3.146 | 2.878 | −1.708 | ||
45 | Cs | C−C | 1.504 | 1.512 [117] | 103.4 | 103.9 [98] | 4.528 | 1132 | 1.059 | 1.745 | −1.581 |
46 | Cs | C−C | 1.506 | 1.524 [118] | 101.8 | 102.3 [98] | 4.446 | 1121 | 1.044 | 1.751 | −1.585 |
47 | Cs | C−C | 1.514 | 1.500 [119] | 125.0 | 102.1 [98] | 4.274 | 1100 | 1.011 | 1.732 | −1.540 |
48 | Cs | C−C | 1.530 | 1.524 [120] | 99.4 | 97.4 [98] | 3.966 | 1059 | 0.952 | 1.681 | −1.439 |
49 | Cs | C−C | 1.486 | 1.520 [121] | - | 111.9 [122] | 4.751 | 1159 | 1.101 | 1.815 | −1.708 |
50 | Cs | C−C | 1.471 | 1.475 [123] | - | 116.9 [98] | 4.919 | 1180 | 1.132 | 1.868 | −1.820 |
C=C | 1.327 | - | - | - | 9.549 | 1644 | 1.933 | 2.427 | −1.154 | ||
51 | C2v | C−C | 1.430 | 1.436 [124] | - | 140.7 [98] | 5.750 | 1275 | 1.284 | 1.961 | −1.112 |
C≡C | 1.198 | - | - | - | 17.286 | 2211 | 3.119 | 2.860 | −1.707 | ||
52 | C2v | C−C | 1.433 | 1.438 [124] | - | 132.7 [98] | 5.569 | 1255 | 1.252 | 1.929 | −1.116 |
53 | D2 | C−C | 1.482 | 1.480 [125] | - | 118.0 [98] | 4.850 | 1171 | 1.120 | 1.840 | −1.752 |
a Calculated and experimentally determined CC bond distances R(CC) in Å. CC local stretching force constants (ka) in mdyn/Å, local vibrational mode frequencies (ωa) in cm−1, and bond strength order represented by BSO n values. Calculated and experimentally determined bond dissociation enthalpies (BDH) in kcal/mol. More detailed information on the experimental values is provided in the Supporting Information, Tables S1 and S2. The electron density at the CC bond critical point rb in e/Å3 and the energy density at the CC bond critical point Hb in Hartree/Å3. Calculated BDH values were computed with G4 and all other values were calculated with ωB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ. “-” no data available. The numbers within the table correspond to the molecules shown in Figure 1.