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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020 Sep 1;35(15):2988–2991. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1813708

Table 1.

Clinical and demographic factors

Inborn (n=293) Outborn (n=293) P value
EGA, mean (SD), weeks 28.6 (2.9) 28.5 (2.9) 0.82
Birth weight, mean (SD), grams 1280 (451) 1286 (463) 0.89
Male sex, n (%) 154 (53) 163 (56) 0.51
SGAa, n (%) 26 (9) 27 (9) 1.00
Race, n (%) <0.01*
 Asian 11 (4) 1 (1)
 Black 153 (52) 58 (19)
 Hispanic 8 (3) 5 (2)
 White 121 (41) 229 (78)
Antenatal steroids, n (%) 245 (84) 182 (62) <0.01*
Adequate prenatal careb, n (%) 274 (94) 279 (95) 0.48
Caesarian section, n (%) 224 (76) 191 (65) <0.01*
Chorioamnionitis, n (%) 74 (25) 62 (21) 0.28
Advanced resuscitation, n (%) 293 (100) 177 (60) <0.01*
Apgar score, median (range)
 1 minute 5 (0–9) 5 (0–10) 0.73
 5 minutes 7 (0–9) 7 (0–10) 0.23
Surfactant in delivery room, n (%) 246 (84) 127 (43) <0.01*
Inotrope use, n (%) 78 (27) 96 (33) 0.12
Cumulative length of invasive ventilatory support, n (%) 0.04*
 None 32 (11) 31 (11)
 < 4 hours 45 (15) 28 (9)
 4–24 hours 90 (31) 78 (27)
 >24 hours 126 (43) 156 (53)
Grade III or IV IVH, n (%) 34 (11) 52 (17) 0.04*
a

SGA defined at BW < 10th centile for GA;

b

defined as >4 visits

*

Denotes significance at p< 0.05.