Table 1:
Demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics (N=62)
| HC (n=34) M (SD) |
SZ (n=28) M (SD) |
t / χ2 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 41.6 (12.9) | 41.6 (13.3) | −0.01 | 0.989 |
| Sex (male/female) | 21/13 | 20/8 | 0.28 | 0.596 |
| Education in years | 16.5 (2.3) | 13.5 (1.9) | 5.46 | <0.001 |
| Parental education in years | 14.6 (2.7) | 14.5 (3.7) | 0.02 | 0.985 |
| DSM-IV-TR diagnosis | -- | 21 SZ, 7 SA | -- | -- |
| Duration of Illness in years | -- | 21.1 (13.0) | -- | -- |
| SAPS | -- | 0.8 (0.6) | -- | -- |
| SANS | -- | 1.1 (0.8) | -- | -- |
| BACS z-score | 0.00 (1.0) | −1.8 (1.4) | 5.25 | <0.001 |
| Medication | ||||
| Antipsychotic | -- | 25 (92.6%) | -- | -- |
| CPZ | -- | 570.9 (581.0) | -- | -- |
| Anxiolytic | -- | 7 (25.9%) | -- | -- |
| Antidepressant | -- | 9 (33.3%) | -- | -- |
| Mood stabilizer | -- | 7 (25.9%) | -- | -- |
| Gaze discrimination task | ||||
| Accuracy | 81.8% (7.9%) | 77.9% (10.5%) | 1.62 | 0.111 |
| Reaction time (ms) | 681.9 (102.3) | 815.3 (186.5) | −3.39 | 0.002 |
| Trials retained after rejection* | 451.9 (40.9) | 454.6 (41.7) | −0.26 | 0.797 |
Note. HC = Healthy Control. SZ = Schizophrenia. SA = Schizoaffective disorder. Missing education data for 2 HC and parental education data for 5 HC. SAPS = Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (0–5 range). SANS = Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (0–5 range). CPZ = daily chlorpromazine equivalent antipsychotic dose. BACS = Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (missing data for 9 HC). BACS z-scores were calculated from HC mean and standard deviation. Medication information missing for 1 SZ.
*
The task included 512 trials in total.