Table 2.
Sequels in septic patients after hospital discharge.
| Sequels | Authors | |
|---|---|---|
| Causes of Re-hospitalization | Occurrence of infection and pneumonia | Wang, Derhovanessian (39) |
| Infection (unresolved/recurrent or new infections) | Sun, Netzer (40) | |
| Renal dysfunction and urinary tract infection | Zilberberg, Shorr (41) | |
| Recurrent infections | Wang, Szychowski (18), Yende and Angus (42), Linder, Guh (43) | |
|
Cognitive
Changes |
Dementia | Shah, Pike (44) |
| Depression | Davydow, Hough (45) | |
| Delirium | Tsuruta and Oda (46) | |
| Moderate or severe cognitive depression | Angus (47) | |
| Moderate to severe cognitive impairment; Functional disability |
Iwashyna, Cooke (48) | |
| Reduction on physical, sensory, emotional and cognitive functioning | Lazosky, Young (49) | |
| Reduction on physical function | Poulsen, Møller (50) | |
| Cardiovascular Diseases | Cardiovascular disease | Yende, Linde-Zwirble (51) |
| Myorcadial infarction | Dalager-Pedersen, Søgaard (52), Mejer, Gotland (53), Ou, Chu (54) | |
| Brain Stroke | Wu, Tsou (55) | |
| Changes in Metabolism | Decrease in total body protein, High retention volume of fluid, Prolonged time for returning to normal hydration, Increase in total energy expenditure. | Brun-Buisson, Doyon (32) |
| Uremia and hyperglycemia | De Deyn, Vanholder (33) | |
| Hypoxia, hyperglycemia, increased uremia, and plasma ammonia levels. | Sonneville, Verdonk (34) | |
|
Inflammation and Immune
Dysfunction |
Persistent inflammatory state, high HMGB1 in plasma after sepsis. | Chavan, Huerta (35) |
| DNA methylation of monocytes with tolerable phenotype | Lorente-Sorolla, Garcia-Gomez (36) | |
| Neutrophils: impairment of chemotaxis and oxidative burst, and increased number of circulating immature cells. | Monneret and Venet (37) | |
| Macrophages: impairment of antigen presentation and in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines | Monneret and Venet (37) | |
| Lymphocytes (CD4/CD8): decreased number, reduced IFN-γ production, phenotype changes, and decreased proliferation of regulatory T | Monneret and Venet (37) | |
| Natural Killer cells: impaired production of IFN-γ and decreased cytotoxicity activity. | Monneret and Venet (37) | |
| Quality of Life | Lower physical activity functioning, decrease on vitality, role-emotional, mental health, and mental component scores. | Zhang, Mao (30) |
| SF-36 lower | Cuthbertson, Elders (16) | |
| SF-36 lower, physical component score (CS) lower until 6 months after sepsis. | Nesseler, Defontaine (57) | |
| Patients could not live independently, problems in mobility, usual activities and self-care domains. | Yende, Austin (58) |
SF-36, Short-Form Health Survey; HMGB1:High Mobility Group Box 1 protein.