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. 2021 Feb 24;16:1405–1422. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S291090

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© 2021 Gao et al.

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IG-load dual-functional NPs (DFNPs) reduced mRNA and protein expressions of COX-2 in DSS-induced colitis (A-F). The protein levels of COX-2 were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. The relative mRNA expressions of COX-2 were normalized to GAPDH.

Notes: Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6 per group). ## p < 0.01 vs the normal control group; ** p < 0.01 vs the DSS-induced colitis group; §§ p < 0.01 vs TNPs + DSS group, and ★★ p < 0.01 vs PNPs + DSS group.