Table 2.

Associations between COVID-19 suspicion, symptom severity, and symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity and high levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

	OR (95% CI) for SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity n = 3,676	OR (95% CI)a for high levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies n = 239
COVID-19 status: infection diagnosed or suspected	7.29 (5.52–9.63)∗	3.90 (2.16–7.06)∗
Symptom severityb
Only very mild symptoms	2.06 (1.30–3.28)∗	2.65 (1.03–6.80)∗
Mild to severe symptoms	5.16 (3.34–7.96)∗	4.35 (1.79–10.62)∗
Clinically suspected COVID-19c	4.06 (3.00–5.50)∗	4.61 (2.46–8.67)∗
Contacted physician	1.75 (1.16–2.64)∗	1.06 (0.47–2.42)
COVID-19 symptoms
Coryza	2.60 (1.98–3.42)∗	2.45 (1.39–4.31)∗
Sneezing	2.16 (1.63–2.86)∗	1.32 (0.75–2.34)
Sore throat	1.77 (1.34–2.34)∗	3.36 (1.79–6.30)∗
Cough	2.81 (2.15–3.69)∗	2.16 (1.22–3.84)∗
Dyspnea	2.44 (1.80–3.30)∗	4.80 (2.20–10.46)∗
Sputum production	2.02 (1.49–2.73)∗	2.25 (1.15–4.40)∗
Fever	8.27 (6.18–11.08)∗	2.92 (1.59–5.35)∗
Chills	4.29 (3.14–5.85)∗	2.95 (1.48–5.87)∗
Anosmia/ageusia	12.74 (9.41–17.23)∗	3.91 (2.08–7.35)∗
Fatigue	2.70 (2.03–3.59)∗	2.94 (1.60–5.41)∗
Headache	2.19 (1.65–2.89)∗	2.57 (1.41–4.66)∗
Myalgia	2.58 (1.98–3.37)∗	1.97 (1.12–3.44)∗
Muscle weakness	4.70 (3.40–6.49)∗	4.80 (2.14–10.77)∗
Diarrhea	1.21 (0.84–1.73)	1.71 (0.78–3.72)
Nausea	1.84 (1.25–2.71)∗	1.25 (0.57–2.74)
Vomiting	1.34 (0.64–2.82)	4.10 (0.49–34.26)
Rash	1.04 (0.68–1.60)	0.89 (0.37–2.13)
Altered mental status	1.47 (0.78–2.80)	6.34 (0.78–51.15)

∗ indicates statistical significance. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.

^aAssociations with antibody levels (OD:CO > 10, n = 159) are only assessed in individuals who are positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

^bAsymptomatic = reference.

^cAccording to clinical criteria of WHO COVID-19 Case Definition (see Method details). Age- and gender-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs are shown.