Table 3.
Results of the exploratory factor analysis (varimax rotation).
| Factor Description | Factor/Items | Factor Loading (Development Group) | Factor Loading (Test Group) | Cronbach’s Alpha (Development Group) | Cronbach’s Alpha (Test Group) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clusters of advantages of working from home | |||||
| AF 1: Work–life balance Instead of going to work and wasting commute time, you can enjoy the atmosphere at home, change routines and have more time for your social life. |
G: I like the atmosphere in my home better… | 0.650 | 0.598 | 0.59 | 0.58 |
| J: I save on the normal commute time… | 0.617 | 0.559 | |||
| M: It is easier to get in contact with people… | 0.592 | 0.659 | |||
| L: I break my old habits and change my routines. | 0.525 | 0.577 | |||
| F: I can be close to my family and friends. | 0.374 | 0.413 | |||
| AF 2: Work efficiency Instead of spending time on meetings and wasting time on meaningless tasks at work, you can focus on your tasks without interruptions. |
D: I do not have to spend time in long meetings… | 0.717 | 0.710 | ||
| C: It is possible for me to do some other work… B: I have time to focus on my work … |
0.702 0.600 |
0.721 0.681 |
0.61 | 0.62 | |
| AF 3: Work control Instead of being controlled, you can take a break when you want and have more control over your day. |
I: I have no one looking over me. | 0.775 | 0.730 | ||
| E: I can take a break when I want. | 0.609 | 0.616 | 0.53 | 0.55 | |
| H: I can eat and drink my own food. | 0.532 | 0.637 | |||
| Clusters of disadvantages of working from home | |||||
| DF 1: Home office constraints Instead of a life with social interaction and exercise, you have limited contact with people, get out of the home less, are more fixed in front of the computer and get disturbed by others at home. |
I: I miss getting out of my home. | 0.683 | 0.715 | ||
| A: I do not get to see my colleagues … as much… | 0.614 | 0.647 | |||
| J: I do not get enough exercise… | 0.598 | 0.646 | |||
| M: The physical conditions in my home do not afford… | 0.596 | 0.543 | 0.73 | 0.74 | |
| F: I miss the food or other benefits … at my workplace. | 0.517 | 0.512 | |||
| N: It requires more effort from me that I cannot use my normal routines. | 0.516 | 0.503 | |||
| O: I feel tied to my computer to a greater extent … | 0.475 | 0.494 | |||
| H: I get disturbed by other people in my home. | 0.473 | 0.432 | |||
| DF 2: Work uncertainties Instead of finding meaning in work, the work situation is unclear as there is not enough to do, the remaining tasks are not interesting, financial problems might occur and you cannot focus on your work. |
L: I am afraid that there will not be enough work… | 0.750 | 0.789 | ||
| E: I don’t know what kind of work I should do. | 0.712 | 0.715 | |||
| K: The work I do from home is not as interesting … | 0.648 | 0.684 | 0.71 | 0.72 | |
| G: It is a financial problem for my work… | 0.548 | 0.489 | |||
| D: I find it difficult to keep focused on my work… | 0.502 | 0.512 | |||
| DF 3: Inadequate tools Instead of having easy access to what you need to perform your work, you lose the valuable work tools, data and documents required to do your work adequately. |
B: I need physical equipment … to do my work. | 0.822 | 0.784 | ||
| C: I need data or documents … to do my work. | 0.778 | 0.782 | 0.71 | 0.69 | |
| P: …there are work tasks I… cannot do from home. | 0.570 | 0.567 | |||