β-1,4 GalT-V	β-1,4 Galactosyltransferases V
β-1,4 GalT-VI	β-1,4 Galactosyltransferases VI
β-FGF	β-fibroblast growth factor
AP-1ApoE	Activator protein 1Apolipoprotein E
AS	Arterial stiffness
BAX	Bcl-2-associated X protein
Cer	Ceramide
CD	Crohn’s disease
CD-36	Cluster of differentiation 36
cDNA	Complementary DNA
CHO	Chinese hamster ovary
CoA	Coenzyme A
COPD	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
cPLA2	Cytosolic phospholipase A2
CVD	Cardiovascular disease
D-PDMP	D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol
E2FELAM	E2 transcription factorEndothelial leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
ERKFH	Extracellular-signal-regulated kinaseFamilial hypercholesterolemic
HAEC	Human arterial endothelial cells
HCT	Human colorectal cancer
HDL	High-density lipoprotein
HIF-1A	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha
GbOse3Cer	Globotriosylceramide
GD3	Disialosyldihexosylceramide
GlcCer	Glucosylceramide
GM1	Monosialotetrahexosylceramide
GM3	Monosialodihexosylceramide
GSL	Glycosphingolipid
ICAM-1	Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1
IL-23JNKKDR	Interleukin-23C-jun N-terminal kinase Kinase insert domain receptor
LacCer	Lactosylceramide
LC-MS	Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
LC-QTOFMS	Quadrupole Time-of-Flight liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
LDL	Low-density lipoprotein
LFA-1	Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1
LOX-1	Lectin-like ox-LDL
L-NAME	Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester
L-PDMP	L-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol
MAM	Mitochrondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MEK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
MIP-2	Macrophage inflammatory protein 2
MMP	Metalloproteinase
mRNA	messenger RNA
MS	Mass spectrometry
mTORC1	Mammalian target of rapamycin
NADH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Neu1	Nueraminidase-1
Neu3	Neuraminidase-3
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
N-SMase	Neutral sphingomyelinase
Ox-LDL	Oxidized low-density lipoprotein
PCNA	Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
PDGF	Platelet-derived growth factor
PDTC	Pyrrolodine-carbodithio acid
PECAM-1	Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1
PGE2	Prostaglandin E2
PI-3	Phosphoinositide 3
PKC	Protein kinase C
PLA2	Phospholipase A2
POVPC	1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine
PWV	Pulse-wave velocity
RBK-Jk	Recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa j region
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
S1P	Sphingosine-1-phosphate
shRNA	Short hairpin ribonucleic acid
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
SRA-1	Scavenger receptor-A-1
TEM	Trans-endothelial migration
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
TSG-6	TNF-α inducible factor
UC	Ulcerative colitis
UDP	Uridine diphosphate
VCAM-1	Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
VLDL	Very low-density lipoprotein
WT	Wild-type