Table 2.

CBD effects in animal models of depression.

Animal Model	Animal	Dose/Route of Administration	Effect	Mechanism	Reference
FST	Mice	30 mg/kg, acute, i.p.	Antidepressant	5-HT1A receptors; BDNF unaltered	[72]
FST	Mice	7–30 mg/kg, acute, i.p.	Antidepressant	↑ BDNF	[79]
FST	Mice	30 mg/kg, acute, i.p. ≈ 7 mg/kg + 5 mg/kg fluoxetine, acute, i.p.	Antidepressant	5-HT levels	[73]
FST	Rats	30 mg/kg i.p. per day for 14 days	Antidepressant	↑ BDNF	[75]
OBX	Rats	50 mg/kg, acute, i.p.	Antidepressant	↑ 5-HT; ↑ Glu	[76]
OBX	Rats	50 mg/kg per day for 3 days + 10 mg/kg per day for 11 days	Antidepressant	5-HT1A receptors	[76]
WKY	Rats	30 mg/kg, acute, orally	Antidepressant	Not investigated	[77]
FSL	Rats	30 mg/kg, acute, orally	Antidepressant	Not investigated	[78]
FST	Rats	45 and 60 nmol/µL intra-mPFC	Antidepressant	5-HT1A receptors; CB1 receptors	[80]

Abbreviation: FST: forced swimming test; OBX: olfactory bulbectomy mouse model of depression; WKY: Wistar Kyoto rats; FSL: Flinders Sensitive Line rats; mPFC: medial prefrontal cortex; 5-HT: serotonin; Glu: glutamate; i.p.: intraperitoneal; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor ↑: increase.