Table 3.
Time-dependent changes of abdominal aortic aneurysm-related factors in hypoperfusion-induced model.
| (A) Time-dependent changes of pathological events in hypoperfusion-induced model. | |||||||||||||
| Pathology | Day 1 | ||||||||||||
| 0 h | 3 h | 6 h | 24 h | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 5 | Day 7 | Day 10 | Day 14 | Day 21 | Day 28 | ||
| Medial wall thickness |
→ | → | → | → | → | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
| Collagen fiber degradation |
→ | → | → | → | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| AAA | → | → | → | → | → | → | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| (B) Time-dependent changes of protein expressions of AAA-related factors in hypoperfusion-induced model. | |||||||||||||
| Protein | Day 1 | Group | |||||||||||
| 0 h | 3 h | 6 h | 24 h | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 5 | Day 7 | Day 10 | Day 14 | Day 21 | Day 28 | ||
| HIF-1α | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | First |
| AT1 receptor | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| ET-1 | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| MDA | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| MMP-2 | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | Second |
| MMP-9 | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| MMP-12 | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| M1 macrophage (Mac387) |
→ | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| MCP-1 | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| Synthetic SMC (SMemb) |
→ | → | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | Third |
| Neutrophil elastase | → | → | → | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | Forth |
| Angiotensinogen | → | → | → | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| Contractile SMC (α-SMA) |
→ | → | → | → | → | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
| M2 macrophage (CD163) |
→ | → | → | → | → | → | → | → | → | → | ↑ | ↑ | Fifth |
‘↑’ or ‘↓’ indicates P < 0.05 versus day 0 (pre-induction of hypoperfusion). HIF-1α: hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, MMP: matrix metalloproteinase, MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, SMC: smooth muscle cell, α-SMA: α-smooth muscle actin, AT1: angiotensin II Type 1, ET-1: endothelin-1, MDA: malondialdehyde.