Table 2.
Mean difference of key variables by retirement/working status.
| Characteristics | Overall N (N = 330) | Full/part-time job (n = 150) | Without job (n = 180) | χ2/t-value | Cohen’s d/φ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressiona | 9.27 (5.82) | 7.75 (5.51) | 10.54 (5.79) | −4.46*** | 0.49 |
| Life satisfactiona | 16.58 (5.12) | 17.65 (5.12) | 15.70 (4.96) | 3.50** | 0.39 |
| Perceived healtha | 2.89 (.82) | 2.97 (.65) | 2.82 (.93) | 1.72 | |
| Social integrationa | 0.02 (.53) | 0.11 (.52) | −0.06 (.53) | 3.01** | 0.33 |
| Social supporta | 3.97 (.86) | 4.09 (.52) | 3.86 (.90) | 2.45* | 0.27 |
| Familya | 4.20 (.97) | 4.36 (.85) | 4.07 (1.04) | 2.85** | 0.32 |
| Friendsa | 3.44 (1.18) | 3.60 (1.19) | 3.32 (1.16) | 2.18* | 0.24 |
| Significant othersa | 4.26 (.94) | 4.32 (.84) | 4.21 (1.01) | 1.14 | |
| Drinking statusb | 13.60*** | 0.65 | |||
| 1–20 units/week | 102 (30.91) | 60 (18.18) | 42 (12.73) | ||
| ⩾21 units/week | 46 (13.94) | 12 (3.64) | 34 (10.30) | ||
| Cigarette smoking | 0.33 | ||||
| Yes | 32 (9.7) | 13 (3.9) | 19 (5.8) | ||
| No | 298 (90.3) | 113 (34.2) | 161 (48.8) |
a
The mean was used along with standard deviation in parentheses.
b
The percentages are weighted for the exclusion of non-alcohol drinkers.
*
p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001.