Table 3.
Sugar content in stingless bee bee bread (g/100 g).
| Bee Species | Country | Botanical Origin | Instrument | Glucose | Fructose | Sucrose | Maltose | Mannitol | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heterotrigona itama | Malaysia | Mimosa pudica, Sphagneticola trilobata, Bidens pilosa, Cassia sp., Areca catechu, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Phaleria capitate, Cassia siamea, Citrus aurantifolia Ageratum conyzoides | HPLC-ELSD | 10.27–12.40 | 0.40–1.49 | 0.60–2.10 | 0.70–2.00 | – | [22] |
| Melipona subnitida | Brazil | ND | HPLC-RID | – | – | – | – | 20.80–31.00 | [87] |
| Melipona subnitida | Brazil | Mimosa gemmulata, Mimosa verrucada, Fabaceae, Scrophulariaceae (species not identified) | Column chromatography-TLC-UV | – | – | – | – | 34.90 | [101] |
| Tetragonula biroi | Philippines | ND | HPAEC-PAD | 0.25–1.89 | 4.39–9.58 | 4.29–26.04 | 0.82–2.04 | 5.57–20.85 | [83] |
HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography, ELSD: evaporative light scattering detector, RID: refractive index detector, TLC: thin-layer chromatography, HPAEC: high-performance anion exchange chromatography, PAD: pulsed amperometric detector.