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. 2021 Feb 12;22(4):1841. doi: 10.3390/ijms22041841

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the precursor form of BDNF (proBDNF) concentration, and proBDNF/BDNF ratio in healthy controls and patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Serum levels of (A) BDNF, and (B) proBDNF concentration and (C) proBDNF/BDNF ratio in 40 healthy controls and 625 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Serum levels of BDNF and proBDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After adjusting for age and sex in the multiple linear regression analysis, the BDNF levels remained significantly (p = 0.033) elevated in serum from patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with those from controls. (ns not significant; * p < 0.05).