Table 1.
Structural imaging studies—sample characteristics.
| Study | Study Design | Subtypes | Males(%) | Mean Age (Years) | Age Range (Years) | Mean BMI (Kg/m2) | Duration of Follow-up (Months) | 2nd Imaging Partici-Pation | 2nd Mean BMI (Kg/m2) | Measure Adapted for 2nd Imaging | Criteria for Diagnosis | Duration of Illness (Months) | Patients under Medication (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MRI | |||||||||||||
| Katzman (1996) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 13 HC: 8 |
0 | 15.2 | 13.3–17.0 | 15.6 | - | - | - | - | DSM-III-R | 11.3 | 0 |
| Olivo (2018) | Cross-sectional | Atypical AN: 22 HC: 38 |
0 | 14.7 | 13–18 | 19.3 | - | - | - | - | DSM-V | 7.9 | 0 |
| Myrvang (2018) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 33 HC: 28 |
0 | 15.8 | 12.4–19.2 | 16.3 | - | - | - | - | DSM-V | 19.2 | 23.3 |
| King (2015) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 36 AN-BP: 4 HC: 40 |
0 | 15.9 | 12–23 | 14.8 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV | 18 | Not mentioned |
| Yue (2018) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 17 AN-BP: 18 HC: 20 |
0 | 19.3 | 15–23 | 15.3 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV TR | 33.3 | 0 |
| Fujisawa (2015) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 20 HC: 14 |
0 | 14.2 | 12–17 | 14.4 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV TR | 23.55 | 0 |
| Neumärker (2000) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN-R: 14 AN-BP: 4 HC: 25 |
0 | 14.5 | 13–16 | 14.9 | Not mentioned | 100% | 17.8 | Weight normalization | ICD-10 | 267.8 | Not mentioned |
| Castro-Fornieles (2009) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN-R: 9 AN-BP: 3 HC: 9 |
8.3 | 14.5 | 11–17 | 14.8 | 6 | 100% | 18.8 | Weight normalization. | DSM-IV TR | 8.3 | 8.3 |
| Monzon (2017) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN: 26 HC: 10 |
0 | 16.5 | 14 -19 | 16.7 | 2 | 38% | 18.9 | Weight gain | DSM-V | Less than 36 | Not mentioned |
| Golden (1996) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN: 12 HC: 12 |
0 | 16.1 | 11–22 | 14.3 | 11 | 100% | 17.9 | Weight normalization | DSM-III | Not mentioned | Not mentioned |
| Akgül (2016) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN: 9 HC: 9 |
11 | 15.8 | 13–21 | 16.3 | 14 | 100% | 19.2 | Weight normalization | DSM-IV | 8.7 | 0 |
| Bernardoni (2016) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN-R: 43 AN-BP: 4 HC: 35 |
0 | 15.5 | 12–23 | 14.8 | 3 | 35 | 18.7 | Weight gain | DSM-IV | Not mentioned | 0 |
| Katzman (1997) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN: 6 HC: 6 |
0 | 17.0 | 15–19 | 15.9 | 24 | 100% | 23.0 | Weight normalization | DSM-III-R | 22.5 | 0 |
| MRS | |||||||||||||
| Schlemmer (1997) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 8 AN-BP: 2 HC: 17 |
0 | 16.0 | 14.9–19 | 14.7 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV | Not mentioned | 0 |
| Blasel (2012) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 19 AN-BP: 2 HC: 29 |
0 | 14.4 | 11–17 | 14.4 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV | 11 | 0 |
| Castro-Fornieles (2007) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN-R: 9 AN-BP: 3 HC: 12 |
8.3 | 14.5 | 11–17 | 14.8 | 7 | 100% | - | Weight normalization | DSM-IV-TR | Not mentioned | 8.3 |
| MRI-DTI | |||||||||||||
| Pfuhl (2016) | Cross-sectional | AN: 35 HC:62 |
0 | 16.1 | 12–24 | 14.7 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV | Not mentioned | 0 |
| Hu (2017) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 8 HC:14 |
0 | 17.6 | 15–22 | 14.3 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV | 10.5 | Not mentioned |
| Gaudio (2017) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 14 HC:15 |
0 | 15.7 | 13–18 | 16.2 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV-TR | 4.9 | 0 |
| K. E.Travis (2015) | Cross-sectional | AN-R: 15 HC:15 |
0 | 16.6 | 14–18 | 16 | - | - | - | - | DSM-IV | 16.3 | 2 |
| K. Vogel (2016) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN-R: 19 AN-BP: 3 HC: 21 |
0 | 15.03 | 10–18 | 15.36 | 4.76 | 41% | 17.4 | Weight gain | DSM-IV | 13.49 | 1 |
| G. Olivo (2018) | Cross-sectional | AAN: 25 HC:25 |
0 | 14.08 | 13–18 | 18.6 | - | - | - | - | DSM-V | 8.4 | 0 |
| Von Schwanenflug (2018) | Cross-sectional (longitudinal) | AN-R: 53 AN-BP: 3 HC:60 |
0 | 15.8 | 12–27 | 14.7 | 3 | 83% | 18.7 | Weight gain | DSM-IV | 14.5 | Not mentioned |