Figure 2.

Tracking of host colonization and stages of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa on human small airway chip. (a) Airway infection at 1 h post infection as bacteria attach to airway mucociliary epithelium; (b) bacterial cells trapped in mucus at initial attachment on ciliated epithelial cells; (c) fully developed biofilm with exopolysaccharide matrix at 24 h is shown (used with permission from Emulate, Inc.).