Figure 4.

Knowledge gaps and research opportunities in pulmonary dysfunction after pediatric hematopoietic cell transplantation. *Hematopoietic cell transplant–pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome bundle includes 1) lung protective strategies, 2) prone positioning, 3) sedation/neuromuscular blockade, 4) aggressive screening and management of cardiac dysfunction, 5) monitoring of renal function and restricted fluid management, 6) antiinflammatory therapies, 7) nutritional supplementation, 8) indications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and 9) palliative care. HCT = hematopoietic cell transplant; PARDS = pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.