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. 2021 Mar 1;7:43. doi: 10.1038/s41420-021-00428-w

Fig. 3. Caspase-1- and IL-1 receptor-dependent amplification pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion in SARS-CoV-2-infected monocytes.

Fig. 3

Human monocytes were pharmacologically treated to impair the function of caspase-1 (AC-YVAD-CMK; 1 µM), pan-caspase (ZVAD-FMK; 10 µM), RIPK (Nec-1; 25 µM), IL-1ß receptor (IL-1RA; 1 µM), or NLPR3 (glyburide 100 µM) since 1 h prior to infection at MOI of 0.1 with SARS-CoV-2. Monocytes were stimulated with LPS (500 ng/mL) for 23 h and after this time were stimulated with ATP (2 mM) for 1 h as a positive control. Cell culture supernatants were collected for the measurement of the levels of A IL-6 and B TNF-α. Graphs data are representative of six independent experiments. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM #P < 0.05 versus infected and untreated group.